Current Management in Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease
Keywords:
Stroke, Intracranial atherosclerotic disease, Intracranial stenosisAbstract
Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is one of the most common cause of stroke worldwide. Known risk factors are hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking and its prevalence also differs among ethnic groups. In the symptomatic group, due to the progressive nature of the disease, treatments primarily aim to prevent stroke and disabilities. In the asymptomatic group, however, its natural history remains largely unknown.
The main therapeutic approach is intensive medical therapy with lifestyle and risk factors modification. Other treatment options are surgical interventions which include endovascular angioplasty with stenting and surgical revascularization. The roles of surgical and endovascular treatments are still controversial due to lack of supporting evidences. Nonetheless, patients who are refractory to medical therapy can benefit greatly from surgical intervention. The purpose of this study is to review the management of ICAD and identify the role of surgical intervention in selected patients. Further studies are required to better identify the patients’ conditions and tailor effective treatments as needed.
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