Prevalence of poor sleep quality and its associated factors among older adults attending the outpatient department at Phramongkutklao hospital
Keywords:
older adults, sleep quality, outpatient, depression, cognitive impairmentAbstract
The world is rapidly transitioning into an aging society. One of the common health problems among older adults is insomnia, which can lead to reduced quality of life and affect both physical and mental health. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of poor sleep quality among older adults and its associated factors including the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment and depressive disorder through a cross-sectional study of 200 adults aged 60 years and above who sought services at the outpatient department of Phramongkutklao hospital from November to December 2024. Data collection was conducted using interview questionnaires about demographic and general health information, the Thai Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Thai-PSQI), Sleep Hygiene Assessment, Mini-Cognitive Assessment (Mini-Cog), and the Thai Geriatric Depression Scale (TGDS-15). Analysis employed descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression to identify factors associated with poor sleep quality. Results showed that the sample had a mean age of 69.6 years (S.D.=6.0), with a prevalence of poor sleep quality at 79.5% (95%CI: 73.4-84.6) and a median Thai-PSQI score of 8.5 (IQR=6-11). The analyses of related factor revealed that sleep efficiency reduced the risk of poor sleep quality with an adjusted OR=0.73 (95%CI: 0.63-0.84), while education below associate degree level increased the risk with an adjusted OR=9.79 (95%CI: 1.070-89.46). In this population, the prevalence of suspected cognitive impairment was 61.5% (95%CI: 54.6-68.0) and suspected depression was 9.5% (95%CI: 6.2-14.4). In conclusion, most older adults experience poor sleep quality and show a high prevalence of concurrent psychiatric and neurological conditions. Healthcare professionals should therefore focus on screening, promoting, and preventing sleep disorders in older adults, with emphasis on providing knowledge to improve sleep efficiency and caring for those with education below associate degree level to enhance quality of life and reduce the risk of related diseases.
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