Effects of a self-efficacy promoting program on perceived self-efficacy among caregivers to prevent and delay frailty progression in elderly patients
Keywords:
elderly patients, caregivers, frailty, self-efficacy promoting program, self-efficacyAbstract
Elderly individuals hospitalized are at risk of developing frailty or experiencing severe frailty. However, the initial frailty stage can be transformed into a stronger stage. Self-efficacy plays a crucial role in enabling individuals to perform specific behaviors. Therefore, encouraging caregivers, who are closely associated with elderly patients, to have confidence in their self-efficacy can assist them in undertaking activities to prevent and delay frailty in elderly patients after hospital discharge. This quasi-experimental study employed a two-group pretest-posttest design to investigate the effects of a self-efficacy promoting program on perceived self-efficacy among caregivers aiming to prevent and delay frailty progression in elderly patients. The study involved caregivers of elderly patients receiving treatment at the Accident and Emergency Department at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen Province, conducted from January to April 2023. The experimental group, consisting of 24 individuals, received a self-efficacy promoting program and completed the caregiver self-efficacy questionnaire. The control group, comprising 22 individuals, received standard care. The questionnaire was assessed by experts, and the Content Validity Index (CVI) was 1.0. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and independent t-test. Results revealed that the mean score of perceived self-efficacy to prevent and delay frailty among caregivers who received the self-efficacy promoting program was significantly higher than that of the control group, with a mean difference of 57.31 (95%CI: 42.31 to 72.32). It was also significantly higher than that before the experiment, with a mean difference of 42.25 (95%CI: 32.16 to 52.34). In conclusion, the self-efficacy promoting program can enhance self-efficacy among caregivers in performing activities to prevent and delay frailty in elderly individuals. The program is concise, up-to-date, and can be implemented while elderly individuals are in the hospital.
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