Development of Quality Screening Supervision in New Tuberculosis Patients by Family Member and Communities Participation

Abstract

This action research aimed to develop the quality of screening and supervision in the treatment of new tuberculosis patients through the participation of family members and the community in the service area of Nong Phok Hospital, Roi Et Province. The study was conducted in three phases: Phase 1: Planning, Phase 2: Implementation, and Phase 3: Observation and Reflection. In Phases 1 and 2: the sample consisted of 15 participants involved in tuberculosis care, selected through purposive sampling. In Phase 3: the sample included newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients and their caregivers, selected through simple random sampling for patients and purposive sampling for caregivers, totaling 26 caregivers who received the developed program and 26 tuberculosis patients whose satisfaction was assessed post-intervention. The study was conducted over 24 weeks. Data collection methods included in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using content analysis and a paired t-test to compare pre- and post-intervention mean scores. The developed model consisted of five key components: 1) Education and awareness, 2) Community mobilization, 3) Patient support, 4) Nutrition and hygiene promotion, and 5) Value. After implementation, all outcome measures showed statistically significant improvements (P<0.05). Specifically, caregiver knowledge increased by 9.38 points (95% CI=8.91-9.85, P-value<0.001), attitude improved by 27.07 points (95% CI=25.88-28.26, P-value<0.001), participation in patient care increased by 17.69 points (95% CI=17.18-18.20, P-value<0.001), and patient satisfaction improved by 32.97 points (95% CI=31.61-34.31, P-value<0.001). These findings suggest that the developed model effectively enhances the quality of screening and supervision in the treatment of new tuberculosis patients through active family and community participation, achieving the intended research objectives.