Chronic Pancreatitis in Children

Authors

  • Kulpreeya Sirichamratsakul Pediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
  • Piyawan Chiengkriwate Pediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31584/psumj.2023256253

Keywords:

children, chronic pancreatitis, pancreatitis

Abstract

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) in children is a rare condition and its etiology varies; it is mainly associated with genetic abnormalities, autoimmune pancreatitis, and obstruction. Most cases of CP have a history of acute pancreatitis. The magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography is a diagnostic technique that allows noninvasive multiplanar visualization of the biliary and pancreatic ducts, and does not require contrast administration. In children with CP, the step-up management includes a limited trial of endoscopic interventions, such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, followed by surgery.

References

Whitcomb DC, Frulloni L, Garg P, Greer JB, Schneider A, Yadav D, et al. Chronic pancreatitis: An international draft consensus proposal for a new mechanistic definition. Pancreatology 2016;16:218-24.

Khokhar AS, Seidner DL. The pathophysiology of pancreatitis. Nutr Clin Pract 2004;19:5-15.

Spanier B, Bruno MJ, Dijkgraaf MG. Incidence and mortality of acute and chronic pancreatitis in the Netherlands: A nationwide record-linked cohort study for the years 1995-2005. World J Gastroenterol 2013;19:3018-26.

Thomas R, Pal S, Simon E, Chowdhary SD. Endoscopic ultrasonography diagnosis of long common channel in a patient with recurrent biliary pain. J Dig Endosc 2015;6:24-5.

Kamisawa T, Amemiya K, Tu Y, Egawa N, Sakaki N, Tsuruta K, et al. Clinical significance of a long common channel. Pancreatology 2002;2:122-8.

Nydegger A, Couper RT, Oliver MR. Childhood pancreatitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006;21:499-509.

Casamassima MGS, Goldstein SD, Yang JY, Gause CD, Abdullah F, Meoded A, et al. The impact of surgical strategies on outcomes for pediatric chronic pancreatitis. Pediatr Surg Int 2017;33:75-83.

Suzuki M, Sai JK, Shimizu T. Acute pancreatitis in children and adolescents. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2014;5:416-26.

Chowdhury SD, Chacko A, Ramakrishna BS, Dutta AK, Augustine J, Koshy AK, et al. Clinical profile and outcome of chronic pancreatitis in children. Indian Pediatr 2013;50:1016-9.

Witt H. Gene mutations in children with chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2001;1:432-8.

Schwarzenberg SJ, Bellin M, Husain SZ, Ahuja M, Barth B, Davis H, et al. Pediatric chronic pancreatitis is associated with genetic risk factors and substantial disease burden. J Pediatr 2015;166:890-6 e1.

Liu MY, Xia T, Zhang D, Hu LH, Liao ZA, Sun C, et al. Genetic background and clinical characters of pediatric chronic pancreatitis: data and implications from the East. Gastroent Res Pract 2017;2017:7548753.

Morinville VD, Lowe ME, Ahuja M, Barth B, Bellin MD, Davis H, et al. Design and implementation of INSPPIRE. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2014;59:360-4.

Gariepy CE, Heyman MB, Lowe ME, Pohl JF, Werlin SL, Wilschanski M, et al. Causal evaluation of acute recurrent and chronic pancreatitis in children: consensus from the INSPPIRE group. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2017;64:95-103.

Suzuki M, Minowa K, Isayama H, Shimizu T. Acute recurrent and chronic pancreatitis in children. Pediatr Int 2021;63:137-49.

Kumar S, Ooi CY, Werlin S, Abu-El-Haija M, Barth B, Bellin MD, et al. Risk factors associated with pediatric acute recurrent and chronic pancreatitis: lessons from INSPPIRE. JAMA Pediatr 2016;170:562-9.

Whitcomb DC, North American Pancreatitis Study G. Pancreatitis: TIGAR-O version 2 risk/etiology checklist with topic reviews, updates, and use primers. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2019;10:e00027.

Hodgman E, Megison S, Murphy JT. puestow procedure for the management of pediatric chronic pancreatitis. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2019;29:153-8.

Bellin MD, Blondet JJ, Beilman GJ, Dunn TB, Balamurugan AN, Thomas W, et al. Predicting islet yield in pediatric patients undergoing pancreatectomy and autoislet transplantation for chronic pancreatitis. Pediatr Diabetes 2010;11:227-34.

Etemad B, Whitcomb DC. Chronic pancreatitis: diagnosis, classification, and new genetic developments. Gastroenterology 2001;120:682-707.

Sacco Casamassima MG, Goldstein SD, Yang J, Gause CD, Abdullah F, Meoded A, et al. The impact of surgical strategies on outcomes for pediatric chronic pancreatitis. Pediatr Surg Int 2017;33:75-83.

Troendle DM, Fishman DS, Barth BA, Giefer MJ, Lin TK, Liu QY, et al. Therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in pediatric patients with acute recurrent and chronic pancreatitis: data from the INSPPIRE (INternational study group of pediatric pancreatitis: In search for a cuRE) Study. Pancreas 2017;46:764-9.

Kulpreeya S, Wison L, Piyawan C, Surasak S. Pancreatitis associated with SPINK1 mutation and pancreaticobiliary maljunction. J Pediat Surg Case R 2020;53.

Kamisawa T, Okamoto A. Biliopancreatic and pancreatobiliary refluxes in cases with and without pancreaticobiliary maljunction: diagnosis and clinical implications. Digestion 2006;73:228-36.

Giefer MJ, Lowe ME, Werlin SL, Zimmerman B, Wilschanski M, Troendle D, et al. Early-onset acute recurrent and chronic pancreatitis is associated with PRSS1 or CTRC gene mutations. J Pediatr 2017;186:95-100.

Kaneko K, Ito Y, Ono Y, Tainaka T, Tsuchiya H, Shimoyama Y, et al. Gene expression profiling reveals upregulated UCA1 and BMF in gallbladder epithelia of children with pancreaticobiliary maljunction. J Pediatr Gastr Nutr 2011;52:744-50.

Kim MH, Lee SS, Kim CD, Lee SK, Kim HJ, Park HJ, et al. Incomplete pancreas divisum: is it merely a normal anatomic variant without clinical implications?. Endoscopy 2001;33:778-85.

Bogveradze N, Hasse F, Mayer P, Rupp C, Tjaden C, Klauss M, et al. Is MRCP necessary to diagnose pancreas divisum?. Bmc Med Imaging 2019;19:33.

Schneider L, Muller E, Hinz U, Grenacher L, Buchler MW, Werner J. Pancreas Divisum: A Differentiated Surgical Approach in Symptomatic Patients. World J Surg 2011;35:1360-6.

Bertin C, Pelletier AL, Vullierme MP, Bienvenu T, Rebours V, Hentic O, et al. Pancreas divisum is not a cause of pancreatitis by itself but acts as a partner of genetic mutations. Am J Gastroenterol 2012;107:311-7.

Kamisawa T, Ando H, Hamada Y, Fujii H, Koshinaga T, Urushihara N, et al. Diagnostic criteria for pancreaticobiliary maljunction 2013. J Hepato-Bil-Pan Sci 2014;21:159-61.

Kamisawa T, Kurata M, Honda G, Tsuruta K, Okamoto A. Biliopancreatic reflux-pathophysiology and clinical implications. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2009;16:19-24.

Kolodziejczyk E, Jurkiewicz E, Pertkiewicz J, Wejnarska K, Dadalski M, Kierkus J, et al. MRCP versus ERCP in the evaluation of chronic pancreatitis in children: which is the better choice? Pancreas 2016;45:1115-9.

Kamisawa T, Tu Y, Egawa N, Tsuruta K, Okamoto A, Kamata N. MRCP of congenital pancreaticobiliary malformation. Abdom Imaging 2007;32:129-33.

Morinville VD, Husain SZ, Bai H, Barth B, Alhosh R, Durie PR, et al. Definitions of pediatric pancreatitis and survey of present clinical practices. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2012;55:261-5.

Sankararaman S, Schindler T, Sferra TJ. Management of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in children. Nutr Clin Pract 2019;34:S27-42.

Manikkavasakar S, AlObaidy M, Busireddy KK, Ramalho M, Nilmini V, Alagiyawanna M, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of pancreatitis: an update. World J Gastroenterol 2014;20:14760-77.

Committee ASoP, Muthusamy VR, Chandrasekhara V, Acosta RD, Bruining DH, Chathadi KV, et al. The role of endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory pancreatic fluid collections. Gastrointest Endosc 2016;83:481-8.

Cui ML, Kim KH, Kim HG, Han J, Kim H, Cho KB, et al. Incidence, risk factors and clinical course of pancreatic fluid collections in acute pancreatitis. Dig Dis Sci 2014;59:1055-62.

Working Group IAPAPAAPG. IAP/APA evidence-based guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2013;13:e1-15.

Arvanitakis M, Dumonceau JM, Albert J, Badaoui A, Bali MA, Barthet M, et al. Endoscopic management of acute necrotizing pancreatitis: european society of gastrointestinal endoscopy (ESGE) evidence-based multidisciplinary guidelines. Endoscopy 2018;50:524-46.

Lewis A, Partridge B, Haluszka O. The role of endoscopy in the management of pancreatic necrosis. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2014;16:406.

Abu-El-Haija M, Kumar S, Quiros JA, Balakrishnan K, Barth B, Bitton S, et al. Management of acute pancreatitis in the pediatric population: A clinical report from the north american society for pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition pancreas committee. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2018;66:159-76.

Greenberg R, Haddad R, Kashtan H, Brazowski E, Graff E, Skornick Y, et al. Continuous intravenous octreotide treatment for acute experimental pancreatitis. Digestion 1999;60:125-31.

Greenberg R, Haddad R, Kashtan H, Kaplan O. The effects of somatostatin and octreotide on experimental and human acute pancreatitis. J Lab Clin Med 2000;135:112-21.

Min M, Patel B, Han S, Bocelli L, Kheder J, Vaze A, et al. Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and malnutrition in chronic pancreatitis: identification, treatment, and consequences. Pancreas 2018;47:1015-8.

Abu-El-Haija M, Hornung L, Denson LA, Husami A, Lin TK, Matlock K, et al. Prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism in pediatric acute, acute recurrent and chronic pancreatitis. PLoS One 2018;13:e0204979.

Hao L, Wang T, He L, Bi YW, Zhang D, Zeng XP, et al. Risk factor for steatorrhea in pediatric chronic pancreatitis patients. BMC Gastroenterol 2018;18:182.

Duggan SN. Negotiating the complexities of exocrine and endocrine dysfunction in chronic pancreatitis. Proc Nutr Soc 2017;76:484-94.

Canamares-Orbis P, Garcia-Rayado G, Alfaro-Almajano E. Nutritional support in pancreatic diseases. Nutrients 2022;14:4570.

Zhang J, Gao LC, Guo S, Mei TL, Zhou J, Wang GL, et al. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in the treatment of pancreaticopleural fistula in children. World J Gastroenterol 2020;26:5718-30.

Zhang JY, Deng ZH, Gong B. Pancreaticopleural fistula in children with chronic pancreatitis: A case report and literature review. BMC Pediatr 2020;20:274.

Kohoutova D, Tringali A, Papparella G, Perri V, Boskoski I, Hamanaka J, et al. Endoscopic treatment of chronic pancreatitis in pediatric population: Long-term efficacy and safety. United European Gastroenterol J 2019;7:270-7.

Downloads

Published

2023-12-26

How to Cite

1.
Sirichamratsakul K, Chiengkriwate P. Chronic Pancreatitis in Children. PSU Med J [Internet]. 2023 Dec. 26 [cited 2024 Nov. 14];3(3):157-64. Available from: https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/PSUMJ/article/view/256253

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): Sep-Dec

Section

Review Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Author and Journal

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.