The Role of Family, Knowledge, and Dietary Behaviors of Patients With Type II Diabetes With Uncontrolled Blood Glucose in Rural Areas of Nakhon Ratchasima Province

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is one of the country's significant health issues, especially in rural areas where effective blood sugar control often remains a challenge. This study aimed to examine the vital role of families in supporting dietary management for Type 2 diabetes patients, assess patients’ knowledge and eating behaviors, and propose family-based strategies to improve blood sugar control. The study utilized a descriptive-analytical approach, gathering data from 60 patients with poor glycemic control and their family caregivers through questionnaires and focus group discussions. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis.

The research findings revealed that 53.3% of patients had a good level of knowledge about dietary practices and food control, but 76.7% exhibited moderate eating behaviors. The role of families was found to be critical in food management, such as food selection, preparation, and portion control. However, lifestyle, economic constraints, social, cultural factors and attitudes were identified as barriers to achieving optimal blood sugar control. Key strategies families could adopt include meal planning, reducing high-sugar and high-fat foods, and creating an environment that promotes healthy eating behaviors.

This research highlights that family involvement is essential for promoting better nutritional practices among diabetic patients. Providing nutritional education for families, collaborative meal planning, and continuous behavioral support can significantly improve patients' health outcomes.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, family support, dietary behavior