The Effect of Blood Contamination on Setting Time and Washout Resistance of Three Calcium Silicate Cements
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the effect of blood contamination on the setting time and washout resistance of three types of calcium silicate cements including ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, and RetroMTA. Each type was divided into two groups consisting of the blood-contaminated group and the uncontaminated group. The blood-contaminated group, blood was coated inside of the mold and the material was put into the mold. Then, blood was coated on the surface of the material and the specimen was wrapped by the moist gauze. For the blood-uncontaminated group, after putting the material into the mold, it was wrapped by the moist gauze until each material reached initial setting time. Thereafter, the setting time was determined using a universal testing machine until the indenter failed to create a completely circular impression on the surface. In addition, the washout resistance was assessed through metered spray testing, with the subsequent calculation of the percentage of material washed out and analyzed data using two-way ANOVA and post-hoc Sidak test. The results showed that the setting time of all three materials had a significant increase under blood-contaminated conditions. ProRootMTA had the highest setting time which was significantly higher than Biodentine and RetroMTA in both conditions. The washout resistance test demonstrated significant changes in the average washout percentage for all three tested materials under conditions of blood contamination. This study concludes that blood contamination notably increased the setting time across all materials. Regarding washout resistance, a marked difference was observed under both conditions. ProRootMTA exhibited the greatest washout resistance, which diminished upon contamination with blood. In contrast, Biodentine demonstrated the lowest washout resistance in the absence of blood contamination, however the resistance increased when contaminated with blood.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
บทความ ข้อมูล เนื้อหา รูปภาพ ฯลฯ ที่ได้รับการลงตีพิมพ์ในวิทยาสารทันตแพทยศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยขอนแก่นถือเป็นลิขสิทธิ์เฉพาะของคณะทันตแพทยศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยขอนแก่น หากบุคคลหรือหน่วยงานใดต้องการนำทั้งหมดหรือส่วนหนึ่งส่วนใดไปเผยแพร่ต่อหรือเพื่อกระทำการใด ๆ จะต้องได้รับอนุญาตเป็นลายลักษณ์อักษร จากคณะทันตแพทยศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยขอนแก่นก่อนเท่านั้น
References
Torabinejad M, Watson TF, Ford TRP. Sealing ability of a mineral trioxide aggregate when used as a root end filling material. J Endod 1993;19(12):591-5.
Hashem AA, Wanees Amin SA. The effect of acidity on dislodgment resistance of mineral trioxide aggregate and bioaggregate in furcation perforations: an in vitro comparative study. J Endod 2012;38(2):245-9.
Kaup M, Schäfer E, Dammaschke T. An in vitro study of different material properties of Biodentine compared to ProRoot MTA. Head Face Med 2015;11(16):1-8.
Che JL, Kim JH, Kim SM, Choi Nk, Moon HJ, Hwang MJ, et al. Comparison of setting time, compressive strength, solubility, and pH of four kinds of MTA. Korean J Dent Mater 2016;43(1):61-72.
Shen Y, Peng B, Yang Y, Ma J, Haapasalo M. What do different tests tell about the mechanical and biological properties of bioceramic materials?. Endod Topics 2015;32(1):47-85.
Wang X, Chen L, Xiang H, Ye J. Influence of anti-washout agents on the rheological properties and injectability of a calcium phosphate cement. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2007;81(2):410-8.
Wang Z. Bioceramic materials in endodontics. Endod Topics 2015;32(1):3-30.
Grech L, Mallia B, Camilleri J. Investigation of the physical properties of tricalcium silicate cement-based root-end filling materials. Dent Mater 2013;29(2):e20-8.
Song M, Yue W, Kim S, Kim W, Kim Y, Kim JW, et al. The effect of human blood on the setting and surface micro-hardness of calcium silicate cements. Clin Oral Investig 2016;20(8):1997-2005.
Abedi HR, Ingle JI. Mineral trioxide aggregate: a review of a new cement. J Calif Dent Assoc 1995;23(12):36-9.
Nekoofar MH, Stone DF, Dummer PMH. The effect of blood contamination on the compressive strength and surface microstructure of mineral trioxide aggregate. Int Endod J 2010;43(9):782-91.
Charland T, Hartwell GR, Hirschberg C, Patel R. An evaluation of setting time of mineral trioxide aggregate and EndoSequence root repair material in the presence of human blood and minimal essential media. J Endod 2013;39(8):1071-2.
Alhodiry W, Lyons MF, Chadwick RG. Effect of saliva and blood contamination on the bi-axial flexural strength and setting time of two calcium-silicate based cements: Portland cement and biodentine. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2014;22(1):20-3.
Kim Y, Lee CY, Kim E, Jung IY. Failure of orthograde MTA filling: MTA wash-out? J Kor Acad Cons Dent 2011;36(6):510-4.
Choi Y, Park SJ, Lee SH, Hwang YC, Yu MK, Min KS. Biological effects and washout resistance of a newly developed fast-setting pozzolan cement. J Endod 2013;39(4):467-72.
Kim Y, Kim S, Shin YS, Jung IY, Lee SJ. Failure of setting of mineral trioxide aggregate in the presence of fetal bovine serum and its prevention. J Endod 2012;38(4):536-40.
Bolhari B, Nekoofar MH, Sharifian M, Ghabrai S, Meraji N, Dummer PMH. Acid and microhardness of mineral trioxide aggregate and mineral trioxide aggregate-like materials. J Endod 2014;40(3):432-5.
Formosa LM, Mallia B, Camilleri J. A quantitative method for determining the antiwashout characteristics of cement-based dental materials including mineral trioxide aggregate. Int Endod J 2012;46(2):179-86.
Sheykhrezae MS, Meraji N, Ghanbari F, Nekoofar MH, Bolhari B, Dummer PMH. Effect of blood contamination on the compressive strength of three calcium silicate-based cements. Aust Endod J 2018; 44(3):255-9.
International Organization for Standardization. ISO 9917-1: Dentistry-water-based cements-part 1: powder/ liquid acid-base cements. Geneva, Switzerland: ISO copyright office; 2007
Gandolfi MG, Iacono F, Agee K, Siboni F, Tay F, Pashley DH, et al. Setting time and expansion in different soaking media of experimental accelerated calcium-silicate cements and ProRoot MTA. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;108(6): e39-45.
Nekoofar MH, Davies TE, Stone D, Basturk FB, Dummer PMH. Microstructure and chemical analysis of blood-contaminated mineral trioxide aggregate. Int Endod J 2011;44(11):1011-8.
Marquezan FK, Kopper PMP, Dullius AIDS, Ardenghi DM, Grazziotin-Soares R. Effect of blood contamination on the push-out bond strength of calcium silicate cements. Braz Dent J 2018;29(2):189-94.
Camilleri J. Hydration mechanisms of mineral trioxide aggregate. Int Endod J 2007;40(6):462-70.
Thanavibul N, Panichuttra A, Ratisoontorn C. Effects of blood contamination on apatite formation, pH and ion release of three calcium silicate-based materials. J Dent Assoc Thai 2019;63(9):324-33.
Clawvuthinan A, Piyachon C, Dumrongvute K. Effect of blood contamination on dislodgment resistance of three calcium silicate cements in furcation perforation models. Khon Kaen Dent J. 2023;26(3):27-36.
Camilleri J. Characterization of hydration products of mineral trioxide aggregate. Int Endod J 2008;41(5):408-17.
Grech L, Mallia B, Camilleri J. Characterization of set Intermediate Restorative Material, Biodentine, Bioaggregate and a prototype calcium silicate cement for use as root-end filling materials. Int Endod J 2013; 46(7):632-41.
Lucas CdPTP, Viapiana R, Bosso-Martelo R, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Camilleri J, Tanomaru-Filho M. Physicochemical properties and dentin bond strength of a tricalcium silicate-based retrograde material. Braz Dent J 2017;28(1):51-6.
Li Q, Deacon AD, Coleman NJ. The impact of zirconium oxide nanoparticles on the hydration chemistry and biocompatibility of white Portland cement. Dent Mater J 2013;32(5):2013-113.
Oliveira IR, Pandolfelli VC, Jacobovitz M. Chemical, physical and mechanical properties of a novel calcium aluminate endodontic cement. Int Endod J 2010;43(12): 1069-76.
Kim SY, Kim HC, Shin SJ, Kim E. Comparison of gap volume after retrofilling using 4 different filling materials: evaluation by micro-computed tomography. J Endod 2018;44(4):635-8.
Wanpia B, Sakdee J, Wimonchit S. Marginal adaptation of two calcium silicate cements after blood contamination in retrograde filling models. SWU Dent J 2022;15(2):39-52.
Kim JR, Nosrat A, Fouad AF. Interfacial characteristics of Biodentine and MTA with dentine in simulated body fluid. J Dent 2015;43(2):241-7.
Qaiser S, Hegde MN, Devadiga D, Yelapure M. Root dentin surface activation to improve bioceramic bonding: A scanning electron microscopic study. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2020;14(2):117-23.
Torres FFE, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Bosso-Martelo R, Chavez-Andrade GM, Filho MT. Solubility, porosity and fluid uptake of calcium silicate-based cements. J Appl Oral Sci 2018;26:e20170465.
Porter ML, Bertó A, Primus CM, Watanabe I. Physical and chemical properties of new-generation endodontic materials. J Endod 2010;36(3):524-8.
Park Y, Kang JH, Seo H, Song HJ. Effect of compositional variation of dental MTA cements on setting time. Korean J Dent Mater 2021;48(2):99-118.