Factors influencing to health behavior 3E–2S–1F among older adults in Ban Tak District, Tak Province
Keywords:
Health literacy, Older adults, 3E-2S-1F health behaviors, Social supportAbstract
This study employed a cross-sectional research design to assess the 3E-2S-1F health behaviors (Eating, Exercise, Emotion, Smoking, Alcohol, and Dental Health) of older adults and factors influencing these health behaviors among older adults in Ban Tak District, Tak Province. The participants consisted of 292 older adults aged 60-69 years. Data were collected using questionnaires. The instrument quality had Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients as follows: health literacy, social support, and 3E-2S-1F health behaviors were 0.92, 0.95, and 0.74, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum and multiple linear regression analysis.
The results showed that 64.4% of the older adults had 3E-2S-1F health behaviors at a moderate level, while 35.6% were at a good level (Mean = 58.6, S.D. = 5.44). Health literacy was at a fair level for 37.3% of the participants (Mean = 81.3, S.D. = 21.4, and social support was at a moderate level for 53.4% (Mean = 29.4, S.D. = 5.95). Factors significantly influencing the 3E-2S-1F health behaviors at the 0.05 level included being female (Beta = 0.159, p-value = 0.007), marital status (Beta = 0.145, p-value = 0.008), having chronic diseases (Beta = 0.175, p-value = 0.001), good oral health (Beta = 0.203, p-value < 0.001), health literacy (Beta = 0.361, p-value < 0.001), and social support (Beta = 0.108, p-value = 0.043). These factors collectively predicted 22.4% of the variance in the 3E-2S-1F health behaviors. These findings were utilized to design health behavior promotion activities for older adults.
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