The development of the health literacy model to obesity prevention among junior high school students, Wangthong District, Phitsanulok Province
Keywords:
Obesity prevention, Model development, Health literacyAbstract
This mixed-methods study aimed to: 1) Identify factors influencing health literacy for obesity prevention among junior high school students, 2) developing a health literacy model, and 3) evaluating the health literacy model. The study was conducted in three phases: 1) Identifying factors influencing health literacy for obesity prevention: The sample included 214 junior high school students, selected using Krejcie and Morgan's sample size formula. 2) Developing the health literacy model: A purposive sample included 5 public health officers, 5 teachers, 10 health volunteers, and 10 parents. 3) Evaluation of the health literacy model: The same 214 students from Phase 1 were involved. Data were collected through questionnaires and focus group discussions. The analysis was conducted using stepwise multiple regression, content analysis, and Paired t-test.
A study found that age, family income status, and body mass index statistical significantly influenced health literacy for obesity prevention among junior high school students (p-value < 0.001). The developed model to enhance health literacy for obesity prevention (KAPW Model), comprised four components: K: Knowledge, A: Activate, P: Practice, and W: Word of Mouth. After implementing the model, students' health literacy scores and obesity prevention behaviors were significantly higher with statistical significance at 0.05. The participants demonstrated improved health literacy for obesity prevention and better self-care behaviors, reducing the incidence of obesity in the future.
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