Prevalence and associated factors of conversion to schizophrenia among patients with substance-induced psychotic disorder, the rural context in Ubon Ratchathani
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Abstract
Objective: To study the prevalence and associated factors of schizophrenia among patients with substance-induced psychotic disorder
Methods: The retrospective study (March 2022- February 2023) included subjects who were 15-65 years of age, diagnosed substance-induced psychotic disorders (ICD-10 : F1X.15, F1X.5 F1X.7 ), visited Trakan Phuet Phon hospital between January 2013, 1st and June 2021, 30th. All subjects were reviewed definite diagnosis by psychiatrists. The data were analyzed using percentage, Chi-square test, Fischer’s exact test, and logistic regression analysis.
Results: The 223 subjects were 182 subjects who were diagnosed substance-induced psychotic disorders, enough data for analysis and 41 subjects who were excluded from the study because of diagnosed schizophrenia before the study, the criteria of substance-induced psychotic disorders were not met, lost to follow up, or death. The prevalence of schizophrenia among patients with substance-induced psychotic disorder was 22.0%, 38.7% for persons with a diagnosis of multiple substances-induced psychotic disorder , 23.1% for those with an amphetamine-induced psychotic disorder, and 17.6% for those with an alcohol-induced psychotic disorder. Associated factors of schizophrenia among patients with substance-induced psychotic disorder were delusion (adjusted OR 3.90, 95%CI 1.10-13.77, P = 0.035), disorganized speech or behavior (adjusted OR 36.36, 95%CI 6.05-218.67, P < 0.001), and Long-acting injectable antipsychotics (adjusted OR 30.20, 95%CI 4.79-190.23, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: There was a great extent of changing or revised-diagnosis from substance-induced psychotic disorders to schizophrenia. Clinical observation and extended treatment should be considered, in particular delusion, disorganized speech or behavior, and Long-acting injectable antipsychotics treatment.
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