High-Volume Plasma Exchange for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Complicated by Acute Renal Failure and Fulminant Hepatic Failure
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Abstract
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a tropical disease caused by the dengue virus and transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. The disease is spreading across the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, and Thailand is currently experiencing a major outbreak. While a substantial number of patients who are infected with dengue might not have any signs or symptoms, a certain number of patients may develop severe dengue or dengue shock syndrome. Acute kidney failure and acute liver failure are uncommon complications of dengue hemorrhagic fever; however, both are usually fatal. At present, there is an absence of an established strategy for managing acute liver failure in individuals with dengue infection. Plasma exchange is the preferred therapeutic technique for treating patients with acute liver failure who have not received a liver transplant. This article presents a case study and a review of the literature on dengue hemorrhagic fever complicated by acute renal and hepatic failure. High-volume plasma exchange has shown favorable outcomes, promoting recovery of kidney and liver function and enabling safe hospital discharge.
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