Proteinuria in Kidney Transplant Recipients
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Abstract
Proteinuria is a common complication following kidney transplantation and is a strong predictor of transplant rejection, allograft loss, and mortality. It can arise from several causes, including immune rejection of the transplanted kidney, underlying glomerular diseases, or tubular damage caused by immunosuppressive medications. The key to managing proteinuria in transplant recipients is identifying and directly addressing the underlying cause. Additionally, lifestyle modifications—such as quitting smoking and reducing salt and protein intake—are recommended. Blocking the renin-angiotensin system shows promise in reducing proteinuria, although its long-term effects on graft and patient survival remain uncertain. Research into new therapies for post-transplant proteinuria continues, with drugs like sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors showing promising results in reducing proteinuria and slowing the decline in allograft function. However, more studies are needed to confirm their efficacy and safety in kidney transplant recipients.
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