Development of the health literacy model for COVID-19 and emerging infectious disease prevention among older adults by network participation in Uttaradit province
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Abstract
The purpose of this action research was to develop health literacy model for COVID-19 and emerging infectious disease prevention among older adults by network participation in Uttaradit province. The research process was divided into 4 phases, which were 1) planning, 2) action, 3) evaluation, and 4) reflection the model. The amount of sample investigated included the elderly, representatives of community leaders related government agencies and the sample for the experiment consisted of 100 elderly individuals by purposive sampling, divided into an experimental group and a comparison group, with 50 participants in each group. The data was collected by questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, and Independent t-test statistics. The results of the Phase 1 research showed that the older adults has overall of health literacy about COVID-19 and emerging infectious diseases was at a fair level of 52.3%, and coronavirus 2019 and emerging infectious diseases preventive behaviors at a fair level ( = 48.37, S.D. = 13.83). In phase 2, the health literacy model for COVID-19 and emerging infectious disease prevention among older adults by network participation in Uttaradit Province consists of 9 activities as follows:1) Individual level has 3 activities including developing health literacy, giving the guide book, and providing disease prevention equipment, 2) Community level has 3 activities includes public announcement, supporting disease prevention equipment and behavioral surveillances, 3) Government supporting has 3 activities includes supporting prevention equipment, disease screening and training. In phase 3, The result revealed that the experimental group had mean scores for health literacy after receiving the health literacy promotion program were significantly higher than those of the control group. and In phase 4, This developed model can be helpful for designing strategies to promote elderly health literacy on coronavirus disease 2019 and emerging infectious disease. The experimental group had mean scores for practices on prevention of COVID-19 and emerging infectious disease were significantly higher than those of the control group. Therefore, this model could be applied by allied organizations to enhance health literacy for COVID-19 and emerging infectious disease prevention.
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