Detection of ABO-IgG Antibodies in ABO-Incompatible Infants
Keywords:
ABO-HDN, ABO-IgG antibodies, DAT, IAT, Heat elutionAbstract
Objective: To study the relationship between the presence of ABO-IgG antibodies by indirect antiglobulin test (LAT) in infant serum in ABO-incompatible infants and the clinical diagnosis of ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn (ABO-HDN). Materials: Clotted blood specimens from sixty infants with hyperbilirubinemia in the first week of life were included in this study. The infants were
divided into 2 groups : the ABO-incompatible group composed of 30 cases of blood group A or B intants born to blood group O mothers; the control group composed of 30 babies of ABO groups compatible with their mothers. Methods: The direct antiolobulin test (DAT) and IAT for ABO-IgG antibodies were performed. If the DAT or the IAT for ABO-Ig antibodies were positive, the heat
elution to demonstrate ABO-IgG antibodies in the eluate was done. Results: The positive rate of the DAT and the IAT for ABO-IgG antibodies were 36.67% (11/30) and 66.67% (20/30), respectively. The positive rate of the heat elution was 50% (15/30). The presence of the specific ABO-IgG antibodies by IAT in infant serum and in the eluate correlated with clinical diagnosis of ABO-HDN. The
presence of ABO-IgG antibodies by IAT in infant serum alone did not correlate with this disease. In 4 cases, the DAT was negative while the specific ABO-IdG antibodies were found in their eluates. Detection of ABO-IgG antibodies by LAT was helpful. Therefore, if the LAT for ABO-IgG anties was positive and the clinical manifestations of the babies suspected ABO-HDN, the elution should be performed despite negative DAT. Conclusion: The presence of the specific ABO-IgG anties by IAT in infant serum and in the eluate correlated with clinical diagnosis of ABO-HDN. If the IAT for ABO-IgG antibodies was positive, the elution should be performed despite negative DAT.
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