Association of sickle cell trait in blood donors with baseline hematological and biochemical parameters of whole blood
Hemato-chemical quality of whole blood from donors with sickle cell trait
คำสำคัญ:
Sickle cell trait (SCT), Whole blood (WB), Baseline hemato-biochemical parametersบทคัดย่อ
Abstract:
Introduction: Sickle cell trait (SCT) exhibits the highest prevalence in Africa. Despite its notable prevalence, SCT is not routinely screened for in African blood services. The presence of SCT in blood donors could potentially impact the baseline quality of whole blood (WB) and may compromise the post-transfusion recovery outcomes for recipients. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SCT among WB donors and to identify potential associations between SCT status in donors and the baseline hematological and biochemical characteristics of the donated blood. Materials and Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, WB donors were consecutively enrolled through a systematic sampling approach. Prior to the stripping of the blood bags, a sample from each was analyzed for the presence of hemoglobin-S. Hematological parameters, including blood group, complete blood count, and peripheral blood smear, as well as biochemical parameters, encompassing hemolysis, sodium, potassium, and lactate dehydrogenase levels, were tested on the same day. The association between these parameters and the presence of SCT in donors was evaluated. Results: Of 105 donors recruited, 22.86% (n = 24) had SCT and 77.14% (n = 81) did not. Compared to blood donors without SCT, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was significantly lower (34.01±2.30 g/dL vs 34.94±1.44 g/dL, p = 0.008) while mean platelet count (231±72 x 106 /L vs 222±51 x 106 /L, p = 0.014) and mean baseline hemolysis (0.004 ± 0.03% vs 0.01 ± 0.08%, p = 0.02) were significantly higher in blood from donors with SCT. Conclusion: SCT significantly influences baseline hematological and biochemical parameters of WB. Therefore, the routine screening of blood donors for hemoglobin-S is recommended as a measure to ensure the safety of transfusions for vulnerable blood recipients.
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