IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA AMONG CHILDREN WITH MICROCYTIC ANEMIA HOSPITALIZED IN NATIONAL CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL IN VIENTIANE, LAO PDR
Keywords:
Iron deficiency anemia, children, Microcytic anemia, Vientiane, Lao PDRAbstract
Abstract
Background:Iron-deficiencyanemia is one of the common conditions bringing children to hospital, in Lao PDR. Condition is an important public health challenge that is preventable and treatable, with guidelines for early, cost-effective detection. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia, confirm by an increase in Hb > 1g/dl after 4 weeks of oral iron supplementation.
Methods:Cross-sectional prospective descriptive study among children 6 months to 5 years old diagnosed with microcytic anemia and admitted to the Pediatric ward at National children Hospital in Vientiane, Lao PDR from August 1st2014 to January 31 2015.
Results: Among 722 children, 38.55% were anemic, and 37.68% had microcytic anemia. The majority (85.2%) were aged 6-24 months, and of those children. 50% had mild anemia, 49.3% had moderate anemia, 0.7% had severe anemia (only 2% were admitted to hospital because of anemia), Regardingnutritional status, 7.5%, 4.1%, 5.4%, 0.7% had stunting, wasting, underweight and overweight retrospectively. After 4-weeks of therapeutic trial with iron, 41.2% were found to have iron deficiency anemia, and 21.21% were combined with thalassemia, 82.5% had thalassemia with 21.10% Heterozygous E, 11.3% Homozygous E, and 11.92% were combined alpha and Hb E; 7% were alpha thal 1 gene (SEA), 15.49% alpha thal 2 gene (3.7kb deletion), 2.8% alpha thal 2 gene (4.2kb deletion), 2.8% non-deletion Hb Constant Spring and Pakse 2.8%.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of iron deficiency anemia found in this study suggests that routine iron supplementation for a hospitalized child with microcytic anemia is a favorable, cost-effective strategy.
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