Risk Factors for Mortality of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients between Delta Variants and Omicron variants in public health region 6.

Abstract

This cross-sectional analytical research study aims to present the factors associated with COVID-19 patients’ death during the COVID-19 outbreak in the area of Public Health Region 6. The eligible to recruit death patients from Delta and Omicron variants were 1,428 people and 586 people respectively.  Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression for adjusted odd ratio and 95% confidence interval. The results revealed that between deaths of Delta variant outbreak and Omicron variant outbreak. Majority of deaths were found in males, 50.4% and 54.3%. Over 70 years of age, 51.8% and 68.4%. Top 3 most common disease types were: 68.5% and 61.4% had High blood pressure, 45.3% and 36.0% Diabetes, 34.4% and 28.7% Hyperlipidemia. Most had a history of contact with confirmed patients 87.0% and 97.1% and not received the vaccine 78.4% and 58.2%. The main factors that significantly related to Delta outbreaks (P-value < 0.05) were the first time of the COVID-19 vaccination (AOR=111.058), no history of the COVID-19 vaccination (AOR=43.691), Risk from living in risky areas or travel to high-risk areas or coming from a high-risk area (AOR=3.697), class 2 obesity BMI (AOR=2.378), Class 1 obesity BMI (AOR=1.964), High blood pressure (AOR =1.654) had high relationship statistically to the deaths of Delta variant outbreak as compared to the deaths of Omicron variant outbreak. Conversely, Cerebrovascular diseases (AOR=4.367), Bedridden patient (AOR=3.802), Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (AOR=2.062), Chronic kidney diseases (AOR =1.634), had high relationship statistically to the deaths of Omicron variant outbreak as compared to the deaths of Delta variant outbreak. Suggestions for patients with underlying diseases of Chronic kidney disease, Cerebrovascular diseases, Chronic obstructive diseases and Bedridden patients during Omicron variant outbreak are proactive managements for surveillance, health services of prompt diagnosis and cares, including a bivalent COVID vaccination to reduce the risk of death from COVID-19 infection.