Rifampicin resistant patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex from Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra testing in Health Region 3, Thailand
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Abstract
Rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) is the major obstacle to reduce tuberculosis (TB) incidence. RR-TB treatment cost is high and complicated but the success rate of RR-TB treatment is still low. These days, Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra is one of molecular biological technique that is a tool for RR-TB diagnosis. This study aimed to find out rifampicin-resistant pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) by melt peak temperature (MPT) from Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra testing. The samples were MTBC and rifampicin-detected sputa from hospitals in Health Region 3 that were sent for Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra testing at the Disease Control Medical Laboratory, the Office of Disease Control Region 3, Nakhon Sawan during January 2021 to March 2022. Twenty-two RR-TB cases were detected. Accoding the provinces, Phichit with the highest RR-TB had 7 cases (31.9%) follow by Nakhon Sawan had 6 cases (27.3) and tree provinces, Kamphaeng Phet, Uthai Thani and Chai Nat each had the same number of RR-TB in 3 cases (13.6%). Rifampicin resistance can be classified into 8 patterns, coded from RR1 to RR8. The common patterns were RR4 and RR5, each found 7 cases equally. The most RR-TB were new cases (72.7%). 63.2% of RR-TB were confirmed as MDR-TB. Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra was convenient for identifying rifampicin-resistant pattern to initially assess the RR-TB strains that have spread in the area, to determine the association of RR-TB transmission and to assess the recurrence of RR-TB patient due to the original strain.
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