AZF, SRY Microdeletions and Hormonal Disturbances among Azoospermic Iraqi men

Main Article Content

Abdul Hussein Moyet Al-Faisal
Ali Fadel Alnajar
Abdul Ameer M.Ghareeb

Abstract

Y chromosome microdeletions and hormonal disturbances were implicated in men infertility. This study
was conducted to investigate the AZF and SRY regions microdeletions and hormonal disturbance in 43 azoospermic and 20 healthy and fertile men. Twelve (27.9%) of azoospermic men have shown deletions with undetected chromosomal abnormalities. Five of these deletions have been detected in men with a history of post pubertal mumps. AZFc is recorded as the most frequent deleted region in azoospermic men. FSH and prolactin elevation levels were also detected in patients but with undistinguishable correlation parallel to the detected microdeletions.

Article Details

Section
Pharmaceutical Sciences

References

Bhasin S. Approach to the Infertile Man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92(6): 1995-2004.

Chang PL, Saur MV, Brown S. Y chromosome microdeletion in father and his four infertile sons. Human Reprod 1999; 14(11): 2689-94.

Dada R, Gupta NP, Kucheria K. Molecular screening for Y microdeletion in men with idiopathic oligoazoospermia and azoospermia. J Biosci2003; 28(2): 163-8A.

Dada R, Gupta NP, Kucheria K. Yq microdeletions-azoospermia factor candidate genes and spermatogenic-arrest. J Biomol Tech2004; 15(3): 176-3.

Dada R, Gupta NP, Kucheria K.Semen cryoconservation in men with AZFc microdeletion. Clin Genet 2003; 64:(1): 74-5B.

Ferlin A, Arredi B, Speltra E, et al. Molecular and Clinical Characterization of Y Chromosome Microdeletions in Infertile Men: A 10-YearExperience in Italy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab2007; 92(3): 762-70.

Fernandes S, Huellen K, Goncalves J, et al. High frequency of DAZ1/DAZ2 gene deletions in patients with severe oligozoospermia. Mol HumReprod 2002; 8(3): 286-98.

Ferras C, Fernandes S, Marques CJ, et al. AZF and DAZ gene copy-specific deletion analysis in maturation arrest and Sertoli cell-only syndrome. Mol Hum Reprod 2004; 10(10):755-61.

Foresta C, Bettella A, MoroE, Roverato A, Merico M,Ferlin A. Sertoli Cell Function in Infertile Patients with and without Microdeletions of the Azoospermia Factors on the Y Chromosome long arm. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86(6): 2414-19.

Griffin DK, Finch KA. The genetic and cytogenetic basis of male infertility. Human Fertil 2005; 8(1);19 26.

Kamp C, Huellen K, Fernandes S, et al. High deletion frequency of the complete AZFa sequence in men with Sertoli-cell-only syndrome. Mol Hum Reprod 2001; 7(10): 987-94.

Kleiman SE, Yogev L, Hauser R, et al. Expression profile of AZF genes in testicular biopsies of a zoo spermic men. Hum Reprod 2007;22(1): 151-8.

Krausz C, Murci LQ, McElreavey K. Prognostic valueof Y chromosome microdeletion analysis. Hum Reprod 2001; 15(7): 1431-34.

Krausz C, Rajpert-De Meyts E, Frydelund-Larsen L, et al. Double-blind Y chromosome microdeletion analysis in men with known sperm parameters and reproductive hormone profiles: microdeletions are specific for spermatogenic failure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86(6):2638-42.

Kuroda-Kawaguchi T, Skaletsky H, Brown LG, et al.The AZFc region of the Y chromosome features massive palindromes and uniform recur-rent deletions in infertile men. Nat Genet 2001;29(3): 279-86.

Lin YW, Hsu LC, Kuo PL, et al. Partial duplication at AZFc on the Y chromosome is a risk factor for impaired spermatogenesis in Han Chinese in Taiwan. Hum Mutat 2007; 28(5) : 486-94.

Maduro M R, Lo K C, Chuang WW, Lamb D J. Genes and Male Infertility: What can go wrong? J Androl 2003; 24(4): 485-93.

McElreavey K, Ravel C, Chantot-Bastaraud S, SiffroiJP. Y chromosome variants and male reproductive function. Int J Androl 2006; 29(1):298-303.

Ozdemir O, Gul E, Kilicarslan H, et al. SRY and AZF gene variation in male infertility: a cytogenetic and molecular approach. Int Urol Nephrol2007; 39(11): 1183-89.

Rao L, Babu A, Kanakavalli M, et al. Chromosomal abnormalities and Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men with varicocele and idiopathic of south Indian origin. J Androl2004; 25(1): 1-12.

Tiepolo L, Zuffardi O. Localization of factors controlling spermatogenesis in the nonfluorescent portion of the Y chromosome long arm. Hum Genet 1976; 34(2); 119-24

World Health Organization. WHO manual for the standardized investigation and diagnosis of infertile couple. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2000.