Validation of Kidney Disease Self-screening Questionnaire (KIDs) and Screening for Occult Renal Disease (SCORED) for Chronic Kidney Disease Screening

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious disease that is an important public health problem in global. The effects of CKD are loss of kidney function, leading to complications, development to end state renal disease and cardiovascular diseases. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to validate a Kidney Disease self-screening questionnaire (KIDs) and Screening for Occult Renal Disease (SCORED) questionnaire in general population. There were 775 Thai who received annual health checking at Mahasarakham hospital, Lampang hospital and Kalasin hospital during January 1st and February 28th, 2010 answered the questionnaires. The validity were subsequently analyzed by area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV). Results: KIDs showed the cut point value of 7 (P=0.001) with sensitivity (66.7%), specificity (78.2%), PPV (7.8%), NPV (98.8%), AUC of 0.709 (0.579-0.838). SCORED showed the cut point value of 5 (P=0.016) with sensitivity (23.8%), specificity (95.5%), PPV (5.8%), NPV (97.9%), AUC of 0.655 (0.533-0.776). Conclusions: In conclusion, KIDs questionnaire is more sensitivity, whereas SCORED is more specificity. Further analysis of CKD screening questionnaires should take into accounts of other aspects such as cost utility, community involvement and larger sample size.