The efficacy of essential oils against Malassezia pachydermatis isolated from canine otitis externa
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Abstract
Introduction: Malassezia pachydermatis fungus is a significant pathogenic organism commonly found in canine otitis externa. The conventional treatment is expensive and may cause drug resistance. The study evaluated the anti-Malassezia and anti-oxidant potential of betel vine, clove and lemongrass essential oils. Methods: The chemical components of the oils were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Anti-Malassezia activity of these oils were tested by broth microdilution method. Anti-oxidant activity was tested by free radical scavenger (DPPH) and lipid peroxidation inhibition method (TBARs). Results: Betel vine oil possessed the most potent anti-Malassezia activity with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) 0.03-0.5 and 0.03-1 µl/ml, respectively. Its free radical scavenging activity at a concentration of 2.5 mg/ml was 88.6±5.7 % and its 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) was 0.134±0.002 mg/ml, while the MIC of clove oil and lemongrass oil were 0.03-1 µl/ml and MFC of clove and lemongrass oil were 0.06-2 and 0.125-2 µl/ml, respectively. In addition, clove oil at 0.25 mg/ml possessed the most potent lipid peroxidation inhibitory action of 91.0±7.7% and the IC50 was 0.032±0.008 mg/ml. Conclusion: Betel vine oil appears to be a potential agent for development of an anti-Malassezia otitis product. However, it is necessary to further investigate antimicrobial activity against other otitis pathogens.
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