Technology Transfer and Technological Capability in the Quality Control Process of Thai Pharmaceutical Manufacturers

Abstract

Introduction: As part of a survey research in technology transfer from foreign countries and technological capability of Thai pharmaceutical industry, forms, channels, difficulties and obstacles of technology transfer as well as technological capability in the quality control process are conducted. Methods: Data were collected through an interview from 67 modern pharmaceutical manufacturers. Likert scale was used to determine level of activities concerning forms and channels of technology transfer and level of technological capability. Results: Most forms of technology transfer were printed documents, internet, and participating in exhibitions and conferences. Most channels were instruction manuals, training with academic institutions, and guidance from technology donors. Difficulties and obstacles in technology transfer included a lack of information for technology selection, inhospitality of technology donors, incomplete handover of technology, and inadequate skills of the recipients. In building up technological capability, the industry depended on outside personnel in the search, installation and adaptation of technology, and research and development. Factors from both inside and outside the manufacturers demonstrated different roles in building up their technological capability. Conclusion: The central agency was proposed to systematically coordinate among related organizations in bringing about more effective technology transfer and technological capability building in Thai pharmaceutical manufacturers.