In Vitro Cultures of Medicinal Plant Momordica charantia L. and Their Applications
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Abstract
Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), a medicinal plant that has been used in folk medicines for centuries, reportedly possesses a wide range of biological activities such as hypoglycemic, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. Various bioactive groups of compounds including triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, polysaccharides, peptides and proteins from M. charantia have been reported. Different biotechnological approaches have been used as alternative to cultivate M. charantia and in attempt to increase its bioactive compounds. Protocols for cultivation of M. charantia from in vitro direct and indirect organogenesis are summarized in this review. Transformation of Agrobacterium rhizogenes to generate hairy root cultures of M. charantia is reported. The influences of factors affecting different plant tissue formations and bioactive compounds accumulated in in vitro cultures are reviewed and discussed.
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