Phytochemical screening, total phenolic contents and antioxidant capacities of selected blood tonic formula from Vientiane province, Lao PDR
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Lao People’s Democratic Republic or Lao PDR is still a plenty source of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine for treating or preventing the illness as well as health maintenances. Objectives: The aims of this work were to investigate and compare the phytochemical screening, total phenolic content and antioxidant activities of blood tonic formula from Vientiane province, Lao PDR. Methods: The blood tonic formula and each herb that consisted of Knema globularia (Myristicaceae), K. furfuracea (Myristicaceae), Endosamara racemosa (Fabaceae) and Dendrophthoe pentandra (Loranthaceae) to determine phytochemical screening test. Then, prepared the water extracts by boiling to imitate real use and ethanol extracts by maceration. The crude extracts were determined total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities using DPPH ABTS FRAP and ORAC assays. Results: In vitro phytochemical screening for all plants showed positive results for flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids and tannins. The ethanol extract of E. racemosa displayed the highest total phenolic content (273.02 mg GAE/ g extract) and also exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 26.80 µg/ml (DPPH assay), 49.43 µg/ml (ABTS assay) and 297.14 mg trolox equivalent/g extract (FRAP assay), respectively. Ethanol extract of D. pentandra showed the highest ORAC antioxidant activity (3385.77 µM trolox equivalent/ g extract). This blood tonic formula and its individual herbs showed the relatively high antioxidant activity but lower than E. racemosa extract. Conclusion: The results of this study support the ethnomedicinal uses of the selected formula. The selected medicinal plants especially E. racemosa are potential sources of antioxidants.
Article Details
In the case that some parts are used by others The author must Confirm that obtaining permission to use some of the original authors. And must attach evidence That the permission has been included
References
Artanti N, Firmansyah T, Darmawan A. Bioactivities Evaluation of Indonesian Mistletoes (Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq.) Leaves Extracts. JAPS 2012; 2(1): 24-27.
Baba SA, Malik SA. Determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of a root extract of Arisaema jacquemontii Blume. Journal of Taibah University for Science 2015; 9(4): 449-454.
Benzie IFF, Straint JJ. The Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) as a measure of Antioxidant Power: The FRAP assay. Analytical Biochemistry 1996; 239(1): 70-76.
Dhanani T, Shah S, Gajbhiye NA, Kumar S. Effect of extraction methods on yield, phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Withania somnifera. AJC 2017; 10: S1193-S1199.
Department of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology. Pharmacognosy Practice Manual 632 307. Department of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University; 2015.
Dudonné S, Vitrac X, Coutière P, Woillez M and Mérillon JM. Comparative study of antioxidant properties and total phenolic content of 30 plant extracts of industrial interest using PDDH, ABTS, FRAP, SOD and ORAC assays. J Agric Food Chem 2009, 57, 1768–1774.
Elkington BG, Southavong B, Sydara K, Souliya O, Vanthanouvong M, Nattavong K, et al. Biological evaluation of plants of Laos used in the treatment of tuberculosis in Lao traditional medicine. Pharm Biol 2009; 47(1): 26-33.
Endharti AT, Wulandari A, Listyana A, Norahmawati E, Permana S. Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq extract effectively inhibits inflammation, proliferation and induces p53 expression on colitis-associated colon cancer. BMC complementary and Alternative Medicine 2016; 16: 374.
Fitrilia T, Bintang M, Salfitthri. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of clove mistletoe leaf extracts (Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy 2015; 5(8): 13-18.
Gen RY, Xu XR, Song FL, Kuang L, Li HB. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of medicinal plants associated with prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. JMPR 2010; 4(22): 2438-2444.
Gul R, Jan SU, Faridullah S, Sherani S, Jahan N. Preliminary Phytochemical Screening, Quantitative Analysis of Alkaloids, and Antioxidant Activity of Crude Plant Extracts from Ephedra intermedia Indigenous to Balochistan. The Scientific World Journal 2017; 2017: 1-7.
Institute of Traditional Medicines. Lao common plant names book. Institute of Traditional Medicines, Ministry of Health, Vientiane capital; 1997.
Iqbal E, Salim KA, Lim LBL. Phytochemical screening, total phenolics and antioxidant activities of bark and leaf extracts of Goniothalamus velutinus (Airy Shaw) from Brunei Darussalam. JKSUS 2015; 27(3): 224-232.
Ismail N, Akhtar MN, Ismail M, Zareen S, et al. Neuroprotective effect from stem bark extracts of Knema laurina against H2O2- and Aβ1-24-induced cell death in human SH-SY5Y cells. Nat Prod Res 2015; 29(16): 1571-1574.
Khare CP, editor. Indian Medicinal Plants: An Illustrated Dictionary. USA: Springer; 2007.
Libman A, Bouamanivong S, Southavong B, Sydara K, Soejarto DD. Medicinal plants: An important asset to health care in a region of Central Laos. J Ethnopharmacol 2006; 106(3): 303-311.
Oroian M, Escriche I. Antioxidants: Characterization, natural sources, extraction and analysis. Food Research International 2015; 74: 10-36.
Phadungkit M, Rattarom R, Rattana S. Phytochemical screening, antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of Knema angustifolia extracts. JMPR 2010; 4(13): 1269-1272.
Picheansoonthon C, Chawalit M, Jirawongse V. Explanation: King Narai Medical Textbook. 3rd ed. Bangkok: Amarin Printing & Publishing Public Company; 2015.
Pinto MMM, Kijjoa A. Chemical study of Knema species from Thailand. Quim Nova 1990; 13(4): 243-244.
Rao CP, Prashant A, Krupadanam GLD. Two prenylated isoflavans from Millettia racemosa. Phytochemistry 1996; 41(4): 1223-1224.
Saeed N, Khan MR, Shabbir M. Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of whole plant extracts Torilis leptophylla L. BMC Complement Altern Med 2012; 12(2012): 221-232.
Sen S, De B, Devanna N, Chakraborty R. Total phenolic, total flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity of the leaves of Meyna spinosa Roxb., an Indian medicinal plant. Chin J Nat Med 2013; 11(2): 149-157.
Sheikh N, Kumar Y, Misra AK, Pfoze NK. Phytochemical screening to validate the ethnobotanical importance of root tubers of Dioscorea species of Meghalaya, North East India. J Med Plants Stud 2013; 1(6): 62-69.
Songsermsakul P, Pornphairin E, Porasuphatana S. Comparison of antioxidant activity of grape seed extract and fruits containing high β-carotene, vitamin C and E. International Journal of Food Properties 2013; 16: 643-648.
Thaipong K, Boonprakob U, Crosby K, Cisneros-Zevallos L, Byrne DH. Comparison of ABTS, DPPH, FRAP and ORAC assays for estimating antioxidant activity from guava fruit extracts. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 2006; 19(6-7): 669-675.
Wallace KB, editor. Free Radical Toxicology. The United States of America: Taylor & Francis; 1997.
Wang FY, Li YR. Effect of Si Shen Wan treated 45 UC patients. Journal of Practical Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine 2008; 22:35.
Wang YYL, Hsu TL, Jan MY, Wang WK. Theory and applications of the harmonic analysis of arterial pressure pulse waves. JMBE 2010; 30(3): 125-131.
Wiart C. Medicinal plants of Asia and Pacific. 1st ed. Boca Raton, USA: CRC Press; 2006.
World Health Organization and Ministry of Health. Health Service Delivery Profile Lao PDR 2012. [online] 2012 [cited 2016 Aug 8]. Available from: https://www.wpro.who.int/health_services/service_delivery_profile_laopdr.pdf.
Xu Z, Howard LR, editors. Analysis of Antioxidant-Rich Phytochemicals. Singapore: Wiley-blackwell; 2012.
Zulueta A, Esteve MJ, Frígola A. ORAC and TEAC assays comparison to measure the antioxidant capacity of food products. Food Chemistry 2009; 114(1): 310-316.