Gallic acid ameliorates hypertension, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia in high-fructose diet-induced metabolic syndrome rats
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Abstract
Introduction: Gallic acid is a naturally abundant plant phenolic compound found in vegetables and fruits.It has been shown to have potent antioxidant, antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic activities. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of gallic acid on blood pressure, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia in rats with metabolic syndrome induced by high-fructose diet (HFD). Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with HFD for 18 weeks to induce metabolic syndrome. Oral administration of gallic acid (20 mg/kg/day), metformin (100 mg/kg/day), or vehicle was performed in the last four weeks. Blood pressure, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), serum insulin level, HOMA-IR score, and lipid profiles were evaluated. Results: Treatment with gallic acid or metformin significantly reduced blood pressure, serum insulin concentration and HOMA-IR score as well as improved glucose tolerance in HFD-induced metabolic syndrome rats (p < 0.05). In addition, gallic acid or metformin markedly normalized plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride levels (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings indicate that gallic acid attenuated signs of metabolic syndrome induced by HFD in rats. It could be suggested that gallic acid supplementation is a beneficial complementary agentfor metabolic syndrome treatment.
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