Construction of Thai Monosyllabic Word Lists for Speech Recognition Test of Adults
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to construct new Thai monosyllabic word lists that are phonetically balanced and to study the accuracy of speech recognition measuring tests for adults.
Methods This study creation of four Thai monosyllabic word lists (KKU lists) of twenty-five words each in a CD recording based upon an accuracy evaluation. The 76 participants recruited were between 19 and 70 years of age and were recruited based on four groups of hearing level. Each group of 19 subjects consisted of people with normal hearing as well as people with moderate, moderately severe, and severe sensorineural hearing loss with symmetrical hearing. Only the dominant ear of each of the participants was chosen for testing. Audiometry in that ear was conducted using randomized nine-word lists from the four newly constructed Khon Kaen University lists (KKU lists) and five lists of RAMA SD lists-1 from the original Thai monosyllabic word lists (OTL) [OTL consisted of RAMA SD list-1 (there are 5 lists) and RAMA SD list-2 (there are 4 lists)]. The participant’s accurately spoken words will be recorded as a number and percentage.
Results No statistically significant differences were found in the speech recognition scores of any of the four KKU lists among the four participant groups (p > 0.05). Similar to Kasmer and Brown’s study, the speech recognition scores (SRS) of the KKU lists and OTL lists declined as the degree of the severity of hearing loss increased. The score range (min-max) at each level of hearing loss for all nine-word lists was in the standard value range. However, the SRS of the KKU lists were found to be closer to the standard reference than the scores from the OTL list.
Conclusions The KKU lists can provide more accurate score results and more precise diagnoses of hearing loss and can also be applied in clinical examination and speech recognition testing.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Wilson R, McArdle R, Roberts H. A comparison of recognition performances in speech-spectrum noise by listeners with normal hearing on PB-50, CID W-22, NU-6, W-1 spondaic words, and monosyllabic digits spoken by the same speaker. J Am Acad Audiol. 2008; 19:496-506.
EGAN JP. Articulation testing methods. Laryngoscope. 1948;58:955-91.
Marshall L, Bacon S. Prediction of speech discrimination scores from audiometric data. Ear Hear. 1981;2: 148-55.
Karino S, Usami S, Kumakawa K, Takahashi H, Tono T, Naito Y, et al. Discrimination of Japanese monosyllables in patients with high-frequency hearing loss. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2016;43:269-80.
Mendel L, Owen S. A study of recorded versus live voice word recognition. Int J Audiol. 2011;50:688-93.
Haslam V. Psychometrically equivalent monosyllabic
words for word recognition testing in Mongolian [dissertation]. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University; 2009.
Hanson C. Development of speech recognition threshold and word recognition materials for native Vietnamese Speakers [dissertation]. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University; 2014.
Miller G, Nicely P. An analysis of perceptual confusions among some English consonants. J Acoust Soc Am. 1955;27:338-52.
Bess F, Townsend T. Word discrimination for listeners with flat sensorineural hearing losses. J Speech Hear Disord. 1977;42:232-7.
deAndrade A, Iorio M, Gil D. Speech recognition in individuals with sensorineural hearing loss. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2016;82:334-40.
Major R, Crystal D. A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics. Mod Lang J. 1992;76:426.
Arista M, Panjaitan S, Lubis Y. The role of vowel sound in english pronounciation. Cemara Education and Science. 2024;2:11-6.
Wilairatana P, Mizutani K, Kuntonbutr C, Tsutomu K, Ngamjarussrichai P. The effect of final consonants in the cognitive process of thai language. Information Engineering Express. 2019 May 31;5:37-6.
Munthuli A, Sirimujalin P, Tantibundhit C, Onsuwan C, Klangpornkun N, Kosawat K. Constructing time phonetically balanced word recognition test in speech audiometry through large written corpora. In 2014 17th Oriental Chapter of the International Committee for the Co-ordination and Standardization of Speech Databases and Assessment Techniques (COCOSDA) 2014 Sep 10 (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
Nemr K, Simoes-Zenari M, Cordeiro GF, Tsuji D, Ogawa A, Ubrig M, et al. GRBAS and Cape-V scales: high reliability and consensus when applied at different times. J Voice. 2012;26:812.e17-22. PubMed PMID: 23026732
Cambron N, Wilson R, Shanks J. Spondaic word detection and recognition functions for female and male speakers. Ear Hear. 1991;12:64-70.
Ji F, Xi X, Chen AT, Ying J, Wang Q, Yang S. Development of a Mandarin monosyllable test material with homogenous items (I): homogeneity selection. Acta Otolaryngol. 2011;131:962-9.
The Royal College of Otolaryngologists-Head and Neck Surgeons of Thailand (RCOT) [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 Aug 17]. Available from: https://www.rcot.org/2021/ForDoctor/Knowledge-and-CPG/Sections/Doctor-Audible-and-Hearing
Olusanya B, Davis A, Hoffman H. Hearing loss grades and the International classification of functioning, disability and health. Bull World Health Organ. 2019;97:725-728.
Houston D, Bergeson T. Hearing versus Listening: Attention To Speech And Its Role In Language Acquisition In Deaf Infants With Cochlear Implants. Lingua. 2014;139:10-25.
Onsuwan C. Perception of Thai lexical tones in native- and foreign-language babble noise. Journal of Liberal Arts. 2018;18:134–63.
Lertsukprasert K, Suvanich R, Wattanawongsawang W, Kasemkosin N. Tonal perception ability of thai children with cochlear implants and hearing aids. Commun Disord Deaf Stud Hearing Aids. 2018; 6:1000186
Kasmer S, Brown DK. Audiology Science to practice. Third edit. San Diego, CA: Plural Publishing Inc; 2010.
Sweeney A, Carlson M, Ehtesham M, Thompson R, Haynes D. Surgical approaches for vestibular schwannoma. Curr Otorhinolaryngol Rep. 2014;2:256-64.
Wang A, Chinn S, Than K, Arts H, Telian S, El-Kashlan H, et al. Durability of hearing preservation after microsurgical treatment of vestibular schwannoma using the middle cranial fossa approach. J Neurosurg. 2013;119:131-8.
Heckendorf A, Wiley T, Wilson R. Performance norms for the VA compact disc versions of CID W-22 (Hirsh) and PB-50 (Rush Hughes) word lists. J Am Acad Audiol. 1997;8:163-72.
Poonyaban S, Aungsakulchai P, Tantibundhit C, Onsuwan C, Tiravanitchakul R, Kosawat K, et al. Phonetically balanced and psychometrically equivalent monosyllabic word lists for word recognition testing in Thai. In Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics 2015 Nov 2 (Vol. 25, No. 1). AIP Publishing.
Simpson A, Matthews L, Cassarly C, Dubno J. Time from hearing aid candidacy to hearing aid adoption: a longitudinal cohort study. Ear Hear. 2019;40:468-76.
Michels T, Duffy M, Rogers D. Hearing loss in adults: Differential diagnosis and treatment. Am Fam Physician 2019;100:98-108.
Goel A, Bruce H, Williams N, Alexiades G. Long-term effects of hearing aids on hearing ability in patients with sensorineural hearing loss. J Am Acad Audiol. 2021;32:374-78.
Downs D. Effects of hearing and use on speech discrimination and listening effort. J Speech Hear Disord. 1982;47:189-93.
