The Effectiveness of 'Nong Hug' Chatbot on Anxiety, Depression, and Stress Among High School Students in Chiang Rai Province
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the 'Nong Hug' chatbot on anxiety, depression, and stress among high school students in Chiang Rai Province.
Materials and Methods: This research employed a randomized controlled trial design conducted from May to August 2024. The sample consisted of 212 high school students in Chiang Rai Province. The research instruments included: 1) a personal information questionnaire, 2) the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and 3) the 'Nong Hug' chatbot program. Descriptive statistics were used for demographic data analysis. Inferential statistics included Chi-square test, independent t-test, paired t-test, and Repeated Measures ANOVA. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.
Results: At the conclusion of the experiment, students who used the 'Nong Hug' chatbot with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) had significantly lower mean scores of anxiety, depression, and stress compared to those who used the 'Nong Hug' chatbot with supportive therapy (F = 11.765, p < .001, F = 11.136, p < .001, F = 23.053, p < .001, respectively).
Conclusion: The use of the 'Nong Hug' chatbot may help reduce anxiety, depression, and stress among students. Therefore, it is recommended to implement Nong Hug in the student mental health care system.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
บทความหลังผ่านการปรับแก้จากกองบรรณาธิการแล้ว เป็นลิขสิทธ์ของวารสารจิตเวชวิทยาสาร โรงพยาบาลสวนปรุง กรมสุขภาพจิต กระทรวงสาธารณสุข ห้ามเผยแพร่เพื่อประโยชน์ทางการค้าโดยไม่ได้รับอนุญาต แต่อนุญาตให้เผยแพร่บทความดังกล่าวเพื่อประโยชน์ทางการศึกษาแก่ประชาชนทั่วไป ทั้งนี้กองบรรณาธิการไม่จำเป็นต้องเห็นด้วยกับบทความหรือข้อคิดเห็นใดๆ ที่ปรากฏในวารสารสวนปรุง
References
Ministry of Public Health. Mental health survey results of children and adolescents in 2022–2024: 51,789 at risk of depression [Internet]. 2024 Oct 19 [cited 2024 Dec 25]. Available from: https://www.hfocus.org/content/2024/10/32003
Chiang Rai Provincial Public Health Office. Percentage of depressed patients accessing mental health services [Internet]. Chiang Rai: Chiang Rai Provincial Public Health Office; [date unknown] [cited 2024 Dec 25]. Available from:https://cri.hdc.moph.go.th/hdc/reports/page.php?cat_id=22710ed5db1ed6b12aab540a7b0753b3
Chaiprakan W, Luangphoman N, Khieowsai N. Development of the mental health chatbot "Nong Hug" for high school students in Chiang Rai Province. Acadamic Psychiatry Psychol J. 2023;39(3):1–15. (In Thai)
Fitzpatrick KK, Darcy A, Vierhile M. Delivering cognitive behavior therapy to young adults with symptoms of depression and anxiety using a fully automated conversational agent (Woebot): A randomized controlled trial. JMIR Ment Health. 2017;4(2):e19.
Grist R, Porter J, Stallard P. Mental health interventions for children and young people in the digital age: A systematic review of the literature. J Med Internet Res. 2019;21(5):e11166. doi:10.2196/11166
Ebert DD, Kählke F, Buntrock C, Berking M, Smit F, Heber E, et al. A health economic outcome evaluation of an internet-based mobile-supported stress management intervention for employees. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2018;44(2):171–82.
Oei TP, Sawang S, Goh YW, Mukhtar F. Using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) across cultures. Int J Psychol. 2013;48(6):1018–29.
Beck AT. Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. New York: International Universities Press; 1979.
D'Alfonso S, Santesteban-Echarri O, Rice S, Wadley G, Lederman R, Miles C, et al. Artificial intelligence-assisted online social therapy for youth mental health. Front Psychol. 2020;11:630. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00630
Miner AS, Milstein A, Schueller S, Hegde R, Mangurian C, Linos E. Smartphone-based conversational agents and responses to questions about mental health, interpersonal violence, and physical health. JAMA Intern Med. 2017;177(5):727–9. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.8643
Scholten H, Granic I, Engels RC. Sincere, supportive, and sympathetic: Social support sought and received in adolescents’ online communication. J Adolesc Health. 2022;70(3):407–14. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.09.025
Morris RR, Kouddous K, Kshirsagar R, Schueller SM. Towards an artificially empathic conversational agent for mental health applications: System design and user perceptions. JMIR Ment Health. 2018;5(1):e10148. doi:10.2196/10148
