การบริหารจัดการศึกษาสำหรับศตวรรษที่ 21: การผลิตบุคลากรสุขภาพสำหรับอนาคต
คำสำคัญ:
ความรู้, บริบทการเปลี่ยนแปลง, ศตวรรษที่ 21, บุคลากรสุขภาพ, การบริหารจัดการศึกษาบทคัดย่อ
รายงานของเฟล็กเนอร์เมื่อประมาณหนึ่งศตวรรษที่แล้วได้มีผลกระทบทำให้เกิดหลักสูตรในการผลิตบุคลากร สุขภาพเพื่อใช้ในระบบบริการสุขภาพ ทำให้สุขภาพของประชาชนทั่วโลกดีขึ้นมาก อายุขัยเฉลี่ยประชากรดีขึ้นเป็น ลำดับ ในรอบศตวรรษที่ผ่านมา บริบทที่กระทบต่อระบบสุขภาพได้เปลี่ยนไปอย่างรวดเร็ว มีการพัฒนาความรู้และ เทคโนโลยีมาก โครงสร้างประชากร เศรษฐกิจ สังคม และการสื่อสารเปลี่ยนไป มีการเคลื่อนย้ายข้อมูล และประชาชน ภายในและระหว่างประเทศเปลี่ยนไป บริการสุขภาพมีราคาสูง เกิดความไม่เท่าเทียมกันในการเข้าถึงบริการสุขภาพ ระหว่างคนมีฐานะดีและคนมีฐานะยากจน ดังนั้น คุณสมบัติที่พึงประสงค์ของบุคลากรสุขภาพสำหรับอนาคตต้องเปลี่ยน ไป เพื่อสามารถทำงานในบริบทที่เปลี่ยนไปอย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ คือ นอกจากต้องมีความรู้แล้ว ยังต้องมีทักษะในการตั้ง คำถาม หาหลักฐาน และประยุกต์หลักฐานที่เชื่อถือได้มาใช้ให้เหมาะสมกับบริบทที่ตนทำงานอยู่ ต้องมีคุณธรรม และ แนวคิดเศรษฐกิจพอเพียงในการให้บริการ พร้อมที่จะรับใช้ผู้รับบริการและชุมชนด้วยความเคารพในศักดิ์ศรีของความ เป็นมนุษย์ ด้วยเหตุนี้ จึงต้องมีการพัฒนาสถานศึกษาที่ผลิตบุคลากรสุขภาพให้เหมาะสม ได้แก่ การพัฒนาอาจารย์ การพัฒนาหลักสูตรและวิธีเรียน การพัฒนานักศึกษา การพัฒนาระบบสนับสนุน และการพัฒนาช่องทางให้ผู้ใช้และ ผู้สำเร็จการศึกษาให้ความเห็นปรับปรุงระบบการศึกษา ดังนั้น ในการพัฒนาสถานศึกษาดังกล่าวต้องมีระบบประเมินผล ที่ดีควบคู่กันไปด้วย
เอกสารอ้างอิง
สถาบันพระปกเกล้า, และแพทยสภา. (2558). เอกสาร สัมมนาวิชาการหลักสูตรประกาศนียบัตร ธรรมาภิบาลทางการแพทย์สำหรับผู้บริหาร ระดับสูง ใน การสัมมนาวิชาการหลักสูตร ประกาศนียบัตรธรรมาภิบาลทางการแพทย์ สำหรับผู้บริหารระดับสูง พ.ศ. 2558. การสัมมนาจัดโดยสถาบันพระปกเกล้าและ แพทยสภา.
Anand, S., & Barnighausen, T. (2004). Human resources and health outcomes: crosscountry econometric study. Lancet, 5(364), pp.1603–09.
Back, A.L., Steinhauser, K.E., Kamal, A.H., & Jackson, V.A. (2016, Feb 24). Building resilience for palliative care clinicians: An approach to burnout prevention based on individual skills and workplace factors. J Pain Symptom Manage, pii: S0885-3924(16)00073-7.
Bekelis, K., Missios, S., & Mackenzie, T.A. (2015, July). The association of insurance status and race with transfers of patients with traumatic brain injury initially evaluated at level III and IV Trauma centers. Ann Surg, 262(1), pp. 9-15.
Cohen, J.J., Cruess S., & Davidson C. (2007). Alliance between society and medicine: the public’s stake in medical professionalism. JAM, 298, pp. 670-73.
Cömert, M., Zill, J.M., Christalle, E., Dirmaier, J., Härter, M., & Scholl, I. (2016, March, 31). Assessing communication skills of medical students in objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE) - A systematic review of rating scales. PLoS One, 11(3), e0152717.
Conseil, A., Mounier-Jack, S., Rudge, J.W., & Coker, R. (2013). Assessing the effects of HIV/AIDS and TB disease control programmes on health systems in lowand middle-income countries of Southeast Asia: a semi-systematic review of the literature. Public Health. 127(12), pp. 1063-73.
Crispin, S.W. (2006, October 5). In Thailand, a return to ‘sufficiency’. Asia Time.
Curran, D., Xu, X., Dewald, S., Johnson, T.R., & Reynolds, R.K. (2012, September). An alumni survey as a needs assessment for curriculum improvement in obstetrics and gynecology. J Grad Med Educ, 4(3), pp. 317-21.
Firn. J, Preston. N, & Walshe. C. (2016, March). What are the views of hospital-based generalist palliative care professionals on what facilitates or hinders collaboration with in-patient specialist palliative care teams? A systematically constructed narrative synthesis. Palliat Med, 30(3), pp. 240-56.
Fishbain, D.A., Bruns, D., Disorbio, J.M., & Lewis, J.E. (2008, November). What are the variables that are associated with the patient’s wish to sue his physician in patients with acute and chronic pain?. Pain Med, 9(8), pp. 1130-42.
Flexner, A. (1910). Medical education in the United States and Canada: a report to the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. New York: The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
Flexner, A. (1912). Medical education in Europe: a report to the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. New York: The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
Frenk, J., Chen, L., Bhutta, Z.A, Cohen, J., Crisp, N., Evans, T., Fineberg, H., Garcia, P., Ke, Y., Kelley, P., Kistnasamy, B., Meleis, A., Naylor, D., Pablos-Mendez, A., Reddy, S., Scrimshaw, S., Sepulveda, J., Serwadda, D., Zurayk, H. (2010). The Lancet Commission Education of Health Professionals for the 21th Century: Health professionals for a new century: transforming education to strengthen health systems in an interdependent world. Lancet, 4(376), pp.1923–58.
Guyatt, G.l., Rennie, D., Meade, M.O., & Cook, D.J. (1993). User’s Guide to the Medical Literature: Essentials of Evidence-Based Clinical Practice. (Second Edition). New York: McGraw Hill & JAMA Archives Journals, American Medical Association. DOI: 10.1036/0071590382
Herrera, G.A., Zeng, C., Turbat-Herrera, E.A., & Teng, J. (2016). Healing the damaged mesangium in nodular glomerulosclerosis using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs): Expectations and challenges. Ultrastruct Pathol, 40(2), pp. 61-70.
Ho, A., Spencer, M., & McGuire, M. (2015, August). When frail individuals or their families request nonindicated interventions: Usefulness of the four-box ethical approach. J Am Geriatr Soc, 63(8), pp. 1674-8.
Jacobs, J.C., van Luijk, S.J., Galindo-Garre, F., Muijtjens, A.M., van der Vleuten, C.P., Croiset, G., Scheele, F. (2014, October 16). Five teacher profiles in student-centred curricula based on their conceptions of learning and teaching. BMC Med Educ, 14(220), doi: 10.1186/1472-6920-14-220.
Kirkpatrick, D.L., & Kirkpatrick, J.D. (2007). Implementing the Four Levels. Newnan: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Mantovani, N., Pizzolati, M., & Gillard, S. (2015, October 5). Engaging communities to improve mental health in African and African Caribbean groups: a qualitative study evaluating the role of community well-being champions. Health Soc Care Community, DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12288.
Mate, K.S., Rooney, A.L., Supachutikul, A., & Gyani, G. (2014, Oct 17). Accreditation as a path to achieving universal quality health coverage. Global Health,10(68), DOI: 10.1186/s12992-014-0068-6.Mc
Menamin, R., Mc Grath, M., Cantillon, P., & Mac Farlane, A. (2014, April). Training socially responsive health care graduates: is service learning an effective educational approach?. Med Teach, 36(4), pp. 291- 307, doi: 10.3109/0142159X.2013. 873118.
Miyakis, S., Karamanof, G., Liontos, M., & Mountokalakis, T.D. (2006, December). Factors contributing to inappropriate ordering of tests in an academic medical department and the effect of an educational feedback strategy. Postgrad Med J, 82(974), pp. 823-9.
Monroe, K.S. (2016, Mar 11). The relationship between assessment methods and selfdirected learning readiness in medical education. Int J Med Educ. 7, pp. 75-80.
Monteith, S., Glenn, T., Bauer, R., Conell, J., & Bauer, M. (2016). Availability of prescription drugs for bipolar disorder at online pharmacies. J Affect Disord, 193, pp. 59-65.
Morgan, R., & Ensor, T. (2016). The regulation of private hospitals in Asia. Int J Health Plann Manage, 31(1), pp. 49-64.
Munro, K.M. (2008, November). Continuing professional development and the charity paradigm: interrelated individual, collective and organisational issues about continuing professional development.
Nurse Educ Today, 28(8), pp. 953-61, doi: 10.1016/ j.nedt.2008.05.015. Epub 2008 Jul 2.
Pasquel, F.J., Hendrick, A.M., Ryan, M., Cason, E., Ali, M.K., & Narayan, K.M. (2015). Cost-effectiveness of different diabetic retinopathy screening modalities. J Diabetes Sci Technol, 10(2), pp. 301-7.
Riley, K., & Schmidt, D. (2015, Dec 21). Does online learning click with rural nurses? A qualitative study. Aust J Rural Health, doi: 10.1111/ajr.12263.
Rosenzveig, A., Kuspinar, A., Daskalopoulou, S.S., & Mayo, N.E. (2014, November). Toward patient-centered care: a systematic review of how to ask questions that matter to patients. Medicine (Baltimore), 93(22), e120. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000000 120. Review.
Sawesi, S., Rashrash, M., Phalakornkule, K., Carpenter, J.S., & Jones, J.F. (2016). The impact of information technology on patient engagement and health behavior change: A systematic review of the literature. JMIR Med Inform. 4(1), e1.
Shringarpure, K.S., Isaakidis, P., Sagili, K.D., Baxi, R.K., Das, M., & Daftary, A. (2016, March 9). When treatment is more challenging than the disease: A qualitative study of MDR-TB patient retention. PLoS One, 11(3), e0150849.
Struckmann, V., Panteli, D., Legido-Quigley, H., Risso-Gill, I., McKee, M., & Busse, R. (2015). Deciding when physicians are unfit to practise: an analysis of responsibilities, policy and practice in 11 European Union member states. Clin Med (Lond), 15(4), pp. 319-24.
Stufflebeam, D. (2003). The CIPP model of evaluation, In T. Kellaghan, D. Stufflebeam, & L. Wingate (Eds), Springer international handbooks of education: International handbook of education. Netherlands: Springer.
Tagney, J., & Haines, C. (2009, April 23-May 13). Using evidence-based practice. Br J Nurs, 18(8), pp. 484-9.
Torres, J.M., & Waldinger, R. (2015). Civic Stratification and the Exclusion of Undocumented Immigrants from Cross-border Health Care. J Health Soc Behav. 56(4), pp. 438-59.
Waiswa, P., O’Connell, T., Bagenda, D., Mullachery, P., Mpanga, F., Henriksson, D.K., Katahoire, A.R., Ssegujja, E., Mbonye, A.K., Peterson, S.S. (2016, March 11). Community and District Empowerment for Scale-up (CODES): a complex district-level management intervention to improve child survival in Uganda: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 7(1), p. 135. doi: 10.1186/s13063-016- 1241-4.
Wangdi, K., Gatton, M.L., Kelly, G.C., & Clements, A.C. (2015). Cross-border malaria: a major obstacle for malaria elimination. Adv Parasitol. 89, pp. 79-107.
Whyte, S., Dixon, S., Faria, R., Walker, S., Palmer, S., Sculpher, M., Radford, S. (2016, March). Estimating the cost-effectiveness of implementation: Is sufficient evidence available?. Value Health,19(2), pp.138-44.
World Health Organization. (2013). Emergency response framework (ERF). WHO Press. World Health Organization. (2014a). Global status report on noncommunicable diseases. WHO Press.
World Health Organization. (2014b). A brief guide to emerging infectious diseases and zoonoses. WHO Press.
World Health Organization. (2015). Ageing and health. World Health Organization Report. WHO Press.
Anand, S., & Barnighausen, T. (2004). Human resources and health outcomes: crosscountry econometric study. Lancet, 5(364), pp.1603–09.
Back, A.L., Steinhauser, K.E., Kamal, A.H., & Jackson, V.A. (2016, Feb 24). Building resilience for palliative care clinicians: An approach to burnout prevention based on individual skills and workplace factors. J Pain Symptom Manage, pii: S0885-3924(16)00073-7.
Bekelis, K., Missios, S., & Mackenzie, T.A. (2015, July). The association of insurance status and race with transfers of patients with traumatic brain injury initially evaluated at level III and IV Trauma centers. Ann Surg, 262(1), pp. 9-15.
Cohen, J.J., Cruess S., & Davidson C. (2007). Alliance between society and medicine: the public’s stake in medical professionalism. JAM, 298, pp. 670-73.
Cömert, M., Zill, J.M., Christalle, E., Dirmaier, J., Härter, M., & Scholl, I. (2016, March, 31). Assessing communication skills of medical students in objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE) - A systematic review of rating scales. PLoS One, 11(3), e0152717.
Conseil, A., Mounier-Jack, S., Rudge, J.W., & Coker, R. (2013). Assessing the effects of HIV/AIDS and TB disease control programmes on health systems in lowand middle-income countries of Southeast Asia: a semi-systematic review of the literature. Public Health. 127(12), pp. 1063-73.
Crispin, S.W. (2006, October 5). In Thailand, a return to ‘sufficiency’. Asia Time.
Curran, D., Xu, X., Dewald, S., Johnson, T.R., & Reynolds, R.K. (2012, September). An alumni survey as a needs assessment for curriculum improvement in obstetrics and gynecology. J Grad Med Educ, 4(3), pp. 317-21.
Firn. J, Preston. N, & Walshe. C. (2016, March). What are the views of hospital-based generalist palliative care professionals on what facilitates or hinders collaboration with in-patient specialist palliative care teams? A systematically constructed narrative synthesis. Palliat Med, 30(3), pp. 240-56.
Fishbain, D.A., Bruns, D., Disorbio, J.M., & Lewis, J.E. (2008, November). What are the variables that are associated with the patient’s wish to sue his physician in patients with acute and chronic pain?. Pain Med, 9(8), pp. 1130-42.
Flexner, A. (1910). Medical education in the United States and Canada: a report to the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. New York: The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
Flexner, A. (1912). Medical education in Europe: a report to the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. New York: The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
Frenk, J., Chen, L., Bhutta, Z.A, Cohen, J., Crisp, N., Evans, T., Fineberg, H., Garcia, P., Ke, Y., Kelley, P., Kistnasamy, B., Meleis, A., Naylor, D., Pablos-Mendez, A., Reddy, S., Scrimshaw, S., Sepulveda, J., Serwadda, D., Zurayk, H. (2010). The Lancet Commission Education of Health Professionals for the 21th Century: Health professionals for a new century: transforming education to strengthen health systems in an interdependent world. Lancet, 4(376), pp.1923–58.
Guyatt, G.l., Rennie, D., Meade, M.O., & Cook, D.J. (1993). User’s Guide to the Medical Literature: Essentials of Evidence-Based Clinical Practice. (Second Edition). New York: McGraw Hill & JAMA Archives Journals, American Medical Association. DOI: 10.1036/0071590382
Herrera, G.A., Zeng, C., Turbat-Herrera, E.A., & Teng, J. (2016). Healing the damaged mesangium in nodular glomerulosclerosis using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs): Expectations and challenges. Ultrastruct Pathol, 40(2), pp. 61-70.
Ho, A., Spencer, M., & McGuire, M. (2015, August). When frail individuals or their families request nonindicated interventions: Usefulness of the four-box ethical approach. J Am Geriatr Soc, 63(8), pp. 1674-8.
Jacobs, J.C., van Luijk, S.J., Galindo-Garre, F., Muijtjens, A.M., van der Vleuten, C.P., Croiset, G., Scheele, F. (2014, October 16). Five teacher profiles in student-centred curricula based on their conceptions of learning and teaching. BMC Med Educ, 14(220), doi: 10.1186/1472-6920-14-220.
Kirkpatrick, D.L., & Kirkpatrick, J.D. (2007). Implementing the Four Levels. Newnan: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Mantovani, N., Pizzolati, M., & Gillard, S. (2015, October 5). Engaging communities to improve mental health in African and African Caribbean groups: a qualitative study evaluating the role of community well-being champions. Health Soc Care Community, DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12288.
Mate, K.S., Rooney, A.L., Supachutikul, A., & Gyani, G. (2014, Oct 17). Accreditation as a path to achieving universal quality health coverage. Global Health,10(68), DOI: 10.1186/s12992-014-0068-6.Mc
Menamin, R., Mc Grath, M., Cantillon, P., & Mac Farlane, A. (2014, April). Training socially responsive health care graduates: is service learning an effective educational approach?. Med Teach, 36(4), pp. 291- 307, doi: 10.3109/0142159X.2013. 873118.
Miyakis, S., Karamanof, G., Liontos, M., & Mountokalakis, T.D. (2006, December). Factors contributing to inappropriate ordering of tests in an academic medical department and the effect of an educational feedback strategy. Postgrad Med J, 82(974), pp. 823-9.
Monroe, K.S. (2016, Mar 11). The relationship between assessment methods and selfdirected learning readiness in medical education. Int J Med Educ. 7, pp. 75-80.
Monteith, S., Glenn, T., Bauer, R., Conell, J., & Bauer, M. (2016). Availability of prescription drugs for bipolar disorder at online pharmacies. J Affect Disord, 193, pp. 59-65.
Morgan, R., & Ensor, T. (2016). The regulation of private hospitals in Asia. Int J Health Plann Manage, 31(1), pp. 49-64.
Munro, K.M. (2008, November). Continuing professional development and the charity paradigm: interrelated individual, collective and organisational issues about continuing professional development.
Nurse Educ Today, 28(8), pp. 953-61, doi: 10.1016/ j.nedt.2008.05.015. Epub 2008 Jul 2.
Pasquel, F.J., Hendrick, A.M., Ryan, M., Cason, E., Ali, M.K., & Narayan, K.M. (2015). Cost-effectiveness of different diabetic retinopathy screening modalities. J Diabetes Sci Technol, 10(2), pp. 301-7.
Riley, K., & Schmidt, D. (2015, Dec 21). Does online learning click with rural nurses? A qualitative study. Aust J Rural Health, doi: 10.1111/ajr.12263.
Rosenzveig, A., Kuspinar, A., Daskalopoulou, S.S., & Mayo, N.E. (2014, November). Toward patient-centered care: a systematic review of how to ask questions that matter to patients. Medicine (Baltimore), 93(22), e120. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000000 120. Review.
Sawesi, S., Rashrash, M., Phalakornkule, K., Carpenter, J.S., & Jones, J.F. (2016). The impact of information technology on patient engagement and health behavior change: A systematic review of the literature. JMIR Med Inform. 4(1), e1.
Shringarpure, K.S., Isaakidis, P., Sagili, K.D., Baxi, R.K., Das, M., & Daftary, A. (2016, March 9). When treatment is more challenging than the disease: A qualitative study of MDR-TB patient retention. PLoS One, 11(3), e0150849.
Struckmann, V., Panteli, D., Legido-Quigley, H., Risso-Gill, I., McKee, M., & Busse, R. (2015). Deciding when physicians are unfit to practise: an analysis of responsibilities, policy and practice in 11 European Union member states. Clin Med (Lond), 15(4), pp. 319-24.
Stufflebeam, D. (2003). The CIPP model of evaluation, In T. Kellaghan, D. Stufflebeam, & L. Wingate (Eds), Springer international handbooks of education: International handbook of education. Netherlands: Springer.
Tagney, J., & Haines, C. (2009, April 23-May 13). Using evidence-based practice. Br J Nurs, 18(8), pp. 484-9.
Torres, J.M., & Waldinger, R. (2015). Civic Stratification and the Exclusion of Undocumented Immigrants from Cross-border Health Care. J Health Soc Behav. 56(4), pp. 438-59.
Waiswa, P., O’Connell, T., Bagenda, D., Mullachery, P., Mpanga, F., Henriksson, D.K., Katahoire, A.R., Ssegujja, E., Mbonye, A.K., Peterson, S.S. (2016, March 11). Community and District Empowerment for Scale-up (CODES): a complex district-level management intervention to improve child survival in Uganda: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 7(1), p. 135. doi: 10.1186/s13063-016- 1241-4.
Wangdi, K., Gatton, M.L., Kelly, G.C., & Clements, A.C. (2015). Cross-border malaria: a major obstacle for malaria elimination. Adv Parasitol. 89, pp. 79-107.
Whyte, S., Dixon, S., Faria, R., Walker, S., Palmer, S., Sculpher, M., Radford, S. (2016, March). Estimating the cost-effectiveness of implementation: Is sufficient evidence available?. Value Health,19(2), pp.138-44.
World Health Organization. (2013). Emergency response framework (ERF). WHO Press. World Health Organization. (2014a). Global status report on noncommunicable diseases. WHO Press.
World Health Organization. (2014b). A brief guide to emerging infectious diseases and zoonoses. WHO Press.
World Health Organization. (2015). Ageing and health. World Health Organization Report. WHO Press.
ดาวน์โหลด
เผยแพร่แล้ว
2016-04-01
รูปแบบการอ้างอิง
เวชรัชต์พิมล ก., & สิทธีอมร จ. (2016). การบริหารจัดการศึกษาสำหรับศตวรรษที่ 21: การผลิตบุคลากรสุขภาพสำหรับอนาคต. วารสารสุขภาพกับการจัดการสุขภาพ, 3(1), 1–12. สืบค้น จาก https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/slc/article/view/221515
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