Nursing care for patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies-associated glomerulonephritis treated by plasma exchange: Hemodialysis nurse’s Roles

Abstract

Plasmapheresis is an adjunctive therapy to immunosuppressive treatment for patients with ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis (AAGN), a condition marked by necrotizing glomerulonephritis with minimal or absent immune complex deposition and small vessel vasculitis, which may lead to irreversible renal damage. This therapeutic approach functions by removing pathogenic antibodies and other harmful substances from the bloodstream, returning cellular components, and replenishing plasma, thus improving clinical outcomes. Given the complexity of the plasma exchange process and the associated risk of complications, dialysis nurses must possess in-depth knowledge of AAGN and the specific indications for plasma exchange. Nurses are responsible for providing comprehensive care throughout all procedural stages, promptly addressing any issues, and demonstrating proficiency in equipment preparation, filter setup, and solution management as outlined by medical protocols. Additionally, nurses play a critical role in educating patients and their families on self-care practices that may reduce disease progression, effectively manage symptoms, and prevent further renal decline.