Effect of SKT 1 meditation therapy with music listening in the emergency room on blood pressure among hypertensive urgency patients
Keywords:
SKT 1 meditation, music listening, hypertensive urgencyAbstract
Hypertensive urgency is another clinical emergency that leads patients to be admitted to the emergency room (ER). The study was a two-group quasi-experiment comparing pre- and post-tests with repeated measures. The objective was to examine the effects of Somporn Kantharadussadee Triumchaisri 1 or SKT 1 meditation and music listening in the emergency room on reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertensive urgency. The sample of 52 individuals was selected purposively and divided into an experimental group receiving SKT 1 meditation therapy with music listening and routine medical treatment, and a control group receiving routine medical treatment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and repeated measures ANOVA. The results indicated that after the experiment, at 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and upon discharge, the experimental group showed statistically significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to before the experiment (p<0.001). When comparing the mean blood pressure between the experimental and control groups after the experiment, at 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and upon discharge, it was found that the mean systolic blood pressure in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (p=0.011, p<0.001, p<0.001 respectively) and the mean diastolic blood pressure in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001 respectively). The experimental group exhibited larger mean differences in blood pressure reduction compared to the control group at every time point. Therefore, it can be concluded that SKT 1 meditation therapy with music listening in the emergency room can reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertensive urgency. However, the study has limitations, and further research is necessary, particularly in larger sample groups, controlling for confounding variables, and conducting long-term studies.
References
Thai Hypertension Society. Thai Hypertension Society: Guidelines in the treatment of hypertension 2019. Bangkok: Ministry of Public Health; 2019.
World Health Organization. Improving hypertension control in 3 million people: country experiences of programme development and implementation [Internet] 2020 [cited 6 february 2023]. Availavle from: http://apps.who.int/iris.
Alley WD, Copelin IE. Hypertensive urgency [Internet] 2018 [cited 6 february 2023]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513351/#_NBK513351_pubdet_.
Brunström M, Burnier M, Grassi G, et al. 2023 ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension: Endorsed by the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) and the European Renal Association (ERA). J Hypertens 2023;41:1874-2071.
Peixoto AJ. Acute severe hypertension. N Engl J Med 2019;381:1843-52.
Penmatsa KR, Teki P, Gupta A. Hypertension in the hospitalized patient: An update.
Nefrologia (Engl Ed) 2021:S0211-6995(21)00082-5.
Varounis C, Katsi V, Nihoyannopoulos P, et al. Cardiovascular hypertensive crisis: Recent evidence and review of the literature. Front Cardiovasc Med 2017;3:51.
Larionov P. Psychological methods in treatment of essential hypertension. Arter Hypertens 2021;25:53-62.
Triamchaisri SK. Promote health with meditation therapy SKT 1-7 [Internet]. 2017. [cited 6 february 2023] Available from: https://thaicam.go.th/skt2021/.
Ratsamana P, Promjang B. Effect of practicing SKT 1 healing meditation to blood pressure level of essential hypertensive patients in primary care cluster Naimuang Municipal district, Sawankhalok, Sukhothai Province. J Dis Prev Control (DPC2 Phitsanulok) 2018;5:15-27. [in Thai]
Panyachotikun A, Satkong S, Sriwisit S. Effects of SKT meditation therapy for lowering blood pressure level of patients with hypertension in Sikao Hosptial, Trang Province. SCJN 2017;4:245-55. [in Thai]
Chamros W, Chenkitiyanon S. Effectiveness of meditation (SKT) therapy to reduce blood sugar level and blood pressure in Thai monks in Phasi Charoen District, Bangkok. QLLJ 2019;16:65-78. [in Thai]
Witte MD, Spruit A, Hooren SV, et al. Effects of music interventions on stressrelated outcomes: A systematic review and two meta-analyses. HPR 2020;14:294-324. [in Thai]
Winarto A, Kusnanto K, Harmayetty H. The music therapy effect on lowering blood pressure in elderly with hypertension: A systematic review. SJIK 2021;10:1108-18. [in Thai]
Song I, Baek K, Kim C, et al. Effects of nature sounds on the attention and physiological and psychological relaxation. Urban For Urban Green 2023;86:1-8.
Cao M, Zhang Z. Adjuvant music therapy for patients with hypertension: A meta-analysis and systematic review. BMC complement 2023;23:1-11.
Imsuwan I. Treatment of high blood pressure in the emergency room. TMJ 2013;13:109-22. [in Thai]
Srimookda N, Mitsungnern T, Imoun S, et al. Effects of purse lip breathing on blood pressure in hypertensive urgency among patients with hypertensive urgency. J Nurs Sci Health 2020;43:87-96. [in Thai]
Burns N, Grove SK. The practice of nursing research: Appraisal. Synthesis and generation of evidence. 6th ed. St Louis: Saunders Elsevier; 2009.
Pakunglumpoo S. Development of clinical practice guideline for hypertensive urgency care at emergency department Phuwiang Hospital. [dissertation]. Khon Kaen: Khon Kaen University; 2017.
Kulkarni S, Glover M, Kapil V, et al. Management of hypertensive crisis: British and irish hypertension society position document. J Hum Hypertens 2023;37:863-79.
Sangtongjaraskul S. All about Cardiovascular reflexes: Anesthesiologists need to know. Thai J Anesthesiol 2021;47:57-63. [in Thai]
Fitriyah R, Fernandez GV, Samudera WS, et al. Deep breathing relaxation for decreasing blood pressure in people with hypertension. Jurnal Ners 2019;14:141-5.
Herawati I, Mat Ludin AF, Ishak I, et al. Breathing exercise for hypertensive patients: A scoping review. Front Physiol 2023;14:1-16.
Hariri L, Patel JB. Vasodilators [Internet] 2020 [cited 30 July 2023]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554423/
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
