Isolation and characterization of lactic acid bacteria with bile salt hydrolase activity
Keywords:
lactic acid bacteria, probiotics, hypercholesterolemia, bile salt hydrolaseAbstract
Atherosclerosis is an important cause of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and vascular death such as ischemic heart disease or ischemic stroke. Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major risk factors potentiated a prevalence of atherosclerosis. In probiotics aspect, several of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can produce bile salt hydrolase (BSH) enzyme which promotes bile salt deconjugation leading to an increase in cholesterol utilization. The objective of this study was to isolate and screen BSH activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Thai fermented foods and fruits using agar spot method. These isolates were also tested in vitro for their probiotic properties such as adhesion to intestinal epithelial cell line and acid-bile tolerance. Moreover, the BSH-producing strains were identified by phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Two of 91 different isolates, F34-4 and F35-5, were found to have BSH producing capability. These 2 isolates were isolated from sour pork (naem) and Flacourtia indica (Burm. f.) Merr. Fruit, respectively. Additionally, two selected isolates yielded a positive result for colonizing ability on intestinal cell lining by adhesion assay on Caco-2 cell line and tolerated acid and bile salt in vitro. Both of F34-4, and F35-5 isolates have their genotypic identification by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis as Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum ATCC 14917 with 99.78% and 99.43% similarity, respectively. The BSH-active LAB can be used as probiotic food supplements to control cholesterol level in patient and develop a potential biotherapeutic agent for hypercholesterolemia patients and who have a risk of vascular diseases instead of using chemical drugs which have many side effects.
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