Adlay Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Films Coated on Titanium: Surface Characteristics and MC3T3-E1 Cell Morphology and Proliferation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.2023987Keywords:
adlay, osteoblast cells, polyelectrolyte multilayer films, surface characteristics, titaniumAbstract
Objective: Adlay has been reported to prevent osteoporosis, and promote osteoblast cell proliferation and in vitro calcification. However, it has never been used on modified titanium (Ti) surfaces. Hence, the aim of this study was to ameliorate Ti surfaces, by coating with adlay seed extract via the polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) film technique.
Material and Methods: Adlay seed extract solution containing 150, 300, 600, or 1500 μg/ml concentrations was coated on Ti discs using a layer-by-layer technique to fabricate PEM films (Ti_Adlay surface). The surface characterizations; including atomic force microscope analysis, contact angle analysis and energy dispersive X-ray analysis were evaluated. The osteoblast cell proliferation on its modified surface was also examined.
Results: Adlay seed extract could increase surface irregularity, roughness, hydrophilicity and carbon composition of Ti surface in all Ti_Adlay groups. At 24, 48 and 72 hours of incubation, the osteoblast cells morphology was similar in all groups. At 24 hours, the viable cell numbers on all Ti_Adlay groups were statistically lower than the uncoated Ti group, while no significant difference was found after 48 and 72 hours of incubation.
Conclusion: Adlay PEM coating on Ti surface could improve the surface properties of Ti in terms of surface roughness, hydrophilicity and surface chemistry. Even though Ti-Adlay surfaces showed no toxic effect on MC3T3-E1, it was unlikely to promote osteoblast cell adhesion and proliferation when compared to bare Ti surfaces. Further studies are needed to improve the biological response of Ti_Adlay surfaces to benefit clinical application.
References
Kulkarni M, Mazare A, Gongadze E, Perutkova S, Kralj-Iglic V, Milosev I, et al. Titanium nanostructures for biomedical applications. Nanotechnology 2015;26:062002.
Pegueroles M, Aguirre A, Engel E, Pavon G, Gil FJ, Planell JA, et al. Effect of blasting treatment and Fn coating on MG63 adhesion and differentiation on titanium: a gene expression study using real-time RT-PCR. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2011; 22:617-27.
Jansen JA, Wolke JG, Swann S, Van der Waerden JP, de Groot K. Application of magnetron sputtering for producing ceramic coatings on implant materials. Clin Oral Implants Res 1993;4:28-34.
Della Valle C, Rondelli G, Cigada A, Bianchi AE, Chiesa R. A novel silicon-based electrochemical treatment to improve osteointegration of titanium implants. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2013;11:e106-16.
Chua PH, Neoh KG, Kang ET, Wang W. Surface functionalization of titanium with hyaluronic acid/chitosan polyelectrolyte multilayers and RGD for promoting osteoblast functions and inhibiting bacterial adhesion. Biomaterials 2008;29:1412-21.
Hoonwichit W, Angwarawong T, Arksornnukit M, Pavasant P. The effect of poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) sodium salt polyelectrolyte multilayer films to bone formation on titanium. The 22nd National Graduate Research Conference. Bangkok: Kasetsart University; 2011.
Gil FJ, Manzanares N, Badet A, Aparicio C, Ginebra MP. Biomimetic treatment on dental implants for short-term bone regeneration. Clin Oral Investig 2014;18:59-66.
Giner L, Mercade M, Torrent S, Punset M, Perez RA, Delgado LM, et al. Double acid etching treatment of dental implants for enhanced biological properties. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2018;16:83-89.
Decher G, Hong JD, Schmitt J. Buildup of ultrathin multilayer films by a self-assembly process: III. Consecutively alternating adsorption of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes on charged surfaces. Thin Solid Films 1992;210-211:831-35.
Decher G. Fuzzy Nanoassemblies: Toward Layered Polymeric Multicomposites. Science 1997;277:1232-37.
Boudou T, Crouzier T, Ren K, Blin G, Picart C. Multiple functionalities of polyelectrolyte multilayer films: new biomedical applications. Adv Mater 2010;22:441-67.
Guillot R, Gilde F, Becquart P, Sailhan F, Lapeyrere A, Logeart-Avramoglou D, et al. The stability of BMP loaded polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings on titanium. Biomaterials 2013;34:5737-46.
Zhu F. Coix: chemical composition and health effects. Trends Food Sci Technol 2017;61:160-75.
Choi G, Han AR, Lee JH, Park JY, Kang U, Hong J, et al. A comparative study on hulled adlay and unhulled adlay through evaluation of their LPS-induced anti-inflammatory effects, and isolation of pure compounds. Chem Biodivers 2015;12:380-7.
Manosroi A, Sainakham M, Chankhampan C, Abe M, Manosroi W, Manosroi J. Potent in vitro anti-proliferative, apoptotic and anti-oxidative activities of semi-purified Job’s tears (Coixlachryma-jobi Linn.) extracts from different preparation methods on 5 human cancer cell lines. J Ethnopharmacol 2016;187:281-92.
Chen HJ, Hsu HY, Chiang W. Allergic immune-regulatory effects of adlay bran on an OVA-immunized mice allergic model. Food Chem Toxicol 2012;50:3808-13.
Chung CP, Hsia SM, Lee MY, Chen HJ, Cheng F, Chan LC, et al. Gastroprotective activities of adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf) on the growth of the stomach cancer AGS cell line and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers. J Agric Food Chem 2011;59:6025-33.
Lu X, Liu W, Wu J, Li M, Wang J, Wu J, et al. A polysaccharide fraction of adlay seed (Coixlachryma-jobi L.) induces apoptosis in human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013;430:846-51.
Yang RS, Chiang W, Lu YH, Liu SH. Evaluation of osteoporosis prevention by adlay using a tissue culture model. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2008;17(Suppl 1):S143-6.
Yang RS, Lu YH, Chiang W, Liu SH. Osteoporosis prevention by adlay (Yi Yi: The Seeds of Coix Lachryma-Jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf) in a mouse model. J Tradit Complement Med 2013;3:134-8.
Angwarawong T, Chantakanakakorn N, Chareonkitjatorn N, Triwatana W, Angwaravong O. The effects of adlay extract on primary human osteoblast cells: cytotoxicity and in vitro calcification J Dent Assoc Thai 2019;69:280-91.
Angwarawong T, Dubas ST, Arksornnukit M, Pavasant P. Differentiation of MC3T3-E1 on poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid-comaleic acid)sodium salt-coated films. Dent Mater J 2011;30:158-69.
Angwarawong T, Kaewwichian N, Phukrongthaw P, Angwaravong O. Anti-biofilm activity of sericin extract coated on titanium by polyelectrolyte multilayer film technique. J Dent Assoc Thai 2020;70:124-38.
Angwarawong T, Kanjanamekanant K, Angwaravong O, Pavasant P. Poly(ɛ-caprolactone) membranes coated with poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid)-sodium salt enhance osteogenic properties of pre-osteoblasts MC3T3-E1. Oral Implantol 2019;12:15-27.
Tryoen-Tóth P, Vautier D, Haikel Y, Voegel JC, Schaaf P, Chluba J, et al. Viability, adhesion, and bone phenotype of osteoblast-like cells on polyelectrolyte multilayer films. J Biomed Mater Res 2002;60:657-67.
Albrektsson T, Wennerberg A. Oral implant surfaces: Part 1--review focusing on topographic and chemical properties of different surfaces and in vivo responses to them. Int J Prosthodont 2004;17:536-43.
Puleo DA, Nanci A. Understanding and controlling the boneimplant interface. Biomaterials 1999;20:2311-21.
Webster TJ, Ergun C, Doremus RH, Siegel RW, Bizios R. Specific proteins mediate enhanced osteoblast adhesion on nanophase ceramics. J Biomed Mater Res 2000;51:475-83.
Vandrovcova M, Hanus J, Drabik M, Kylian O, Biederman H, Lisa V, et al. Effect of different surface nanoroughness of titanium dioxide films on the growth of human osteoblast-like MG63 cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012;100:1016-32.
Osathanon T, Sawangmake C, Ruangchainicom N, Wutikornwipak P, Kantukiti P, Nowwarote N, et al. Surface properties and early murine pre-osteoblastic cell responses of phosphoric acid modified titanium surface. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2016;6:2-9.
Altankov G, Grinnell F, Groth T. Studies on the biocompatibility of materials: fibroblast reorganization of substratum-bound fibronectin on surfaces varying in wettability. J Biomed Mater Res 1996;30:385-91.
Donos N, Hamlet S, Lang NP, Salvi GE, Huynh-Ba G, Bosshardt DD, et al. Gene expression profile of osseointegration of a hydrophilic compared with a hydrophobic microrough implant surface. Clin Oral Implants Res 2011;22:365-72.
Faucheux N, Schweiss R, Lutzow K, Werner C, Groth T. Self-assembled monolayers with different terminating groups as model substrates for cell adhesion studies. Biomaterials 2004;25:2721-30.
van Wachem PB, Beugeling T, Feijen J, Bantjes A, Detmers JP, van Aken WG. Interaction of cultured human endothelial cells with polymeric surfaces of different wettabilities. Biomaterials 1985;6:403-8.
Nijhuis AW, van den Beucken JJ, Jansen JA, Leeuwenburgh SC. In vitro response to alkaline phosphatase coatings immobilized onto titanium implants using electrospray deposition or polydopamine-assisted deposition. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014;102:1102-9.
Xiao HH, Gao QG, Zhang Y, Wong KC, Dai Y, Yao XS, et al. Vanillic acid exerts oestrogen-like activities in osteoblast-like UMR 106 cells through MAP kinase (MEK/ERK)-mediated ER signaling pathway. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014;144 Pt B: 382-91.
Srivastava S, Bankar R, Roy P. Assessment of the role of flavonoids for inducing osteoblast differentiation in isolated mouse bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. Phytomedicine 2013;20:683-90.
Peng X, Huang J, Xiong C, Fang J. Cell adhesion nucleation regulated by substrate stiffness: a Monte Carlo study. J Biomech 2012;45:116-22.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
