Journal of Health Science and Medical Research https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-9"><br /> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width: 20px;"> </td> <td> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Journal Summary</strong></p> <p>Journal of Health Science and Medical Research is an online, quarterly peer reviewed scientific journal published by Prince of Songkla University. This journal aims to publish original article, review article, case reports in all aspects of basic and applied medical and health sciences. Manuscripts submitted to Journal of Health Science and Medical Research will be accepted on the understanding that the author must not have previously submitted the paper to another journal or have published the material elsewhere. The journal does not charge for submission, processing or publication of manuscripts and even for color reproduction of photographs.</p> <p><strong>Frequency: </strong> 6 issues per year (Jan-Feb, Mar-Apr, May-Jun, Jul-Aug, Sep-Oct, Nov-Dec)</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> Journal of Health Science and Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand en-US Journal of Health Science and Medical Research 2586-9981 Childhood Obesity as Interactions of Environmental and Genetic Factors: A Community – Based Study on Primary School Children of Hanoi, Vietnam https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273597 <p><strong>Objective:</strong>&nbsp;Obesity is a complex disease that involves interactions between environmental and genetic factors in its pathogenesis. The aims of this present study were to analyse the overall effects of some nutritional, physical and genetic factors with childhood obesity, and to build predictive models of childhood obesity.<br><strong>Material and Methods:</strong>&nbsp;A case-control study was conducted on 559 Hanoi primary school children (278 obese cases and 281 normal controls). Genetic analysis was performed to evaluate genotype on the rs6265 gene BDNF, rs6548238 gene TMEM18, rs6499640 gene FTO, and rs17782313 gene MC4R. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis were conducted to compare the two groups of children, so as to draw conclusions regarding influencing factors and to establish predictive models of obesity for Hanoi primary school children.<br><strong>Results:</strong>&nbsp;Factors increasing the risk of obesity found included: urban living areas (odds ratio (OR)=1.5), caesarean section (OR=2.1), high birth weight (OR=1.9-3.1), parental overweight and obesity (OR=2.1-5.1), short night sleeping times (OR=2.6), characteristics of child feeding; including early weaning (OR=2.1), gluttony (OR=19.1), no snacking (OR=2.4), controlled eating (OR=2.4) fat food hobbies (OR=2.7), and CC rs6548238-TMEM18 genotype (OR=1.8). A predictive model of childhood obesity for Hanoi primary school children was built, based on the BMI of parents, gluttonous characteristics, unrestricted eating with ROC=0.871.<br><strong>Conclusion:</strong>&nbsp;Childhood obesity develops as a result of interaction between eating habits, lifestyle characteristics of the child and genetic characteristics inherited from over nutritious parents. Encouraging parents to manage both their own weight and their children’s eating habits such as allowing children to consume food without undue restriction and reducing gluttony can serve as effective interventions to diminish the prevalence of childhood obesity within the community.</p> Le Thi Tuyet Duong Thi Anh Dao Nguyen Thi Trung Thu Nguyen Thi Hong Hanh Le Thi Thuy Dung Tran Quang Binh Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-02-13 2024-02-13 42 5 e20241036 e20241036 10.31584/jhsmr.20241036 Accidental Falls Related to Physical and Environmental Risk Factors Among Older Hill Tribe Adults in Northern Thailand https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273617 <p><strong>Objective:</strong>&nbsp;Falls remain a cause of disability in the elderly. The present study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of falls among the hill tribe elderly population in Northern Thailand and identify its associated factors.<br><strong>Material and Methods:</strong>&nbsp;A cross-sectional study was conducted in participants from 61 hill tribe villages in Chiang Rai province, Thailand aged more than 60 years. A simple random method was used to select the participants. A questionnaire was developed and validated for data collection. Timed-up and go test (TUGT) was used to assess the dynamic balance and risk of falls in the participants.&nbsp; Logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between the study variables (p-value&lt;0.05).<br><strong>Results:</strong>&nbsp;One hundred eighty-two participants were recruited into the study with a mean age of 69.54 years (S.D.=7.02). 59.9 % were women.&nbsp; It was found that 17.6% of elderly who fell in the previous 6 months and 28.0% of elderly who risks of falls as assessed by the TUGT. The multiple logistic regression model showed that tribe (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=4.40, 95 confidence interval (CI)%=1.88 to 22.02), dizziness (aOR=3.40, 95 CI%=1.70 to 16.70), history of fall in the last 6 months (aOR=2.42, 95 CI%=1.06 to 8.64), location of falls (aOR=1.37, 95 CI%=1.02 to 18.22), and the 15-item geriatric depression scale (GDS-15) (aOR=12.91, 95 CI%=1.07 to 84.85) were the associated risk factors for having a serious fall for hill tribe elderly.<br><strong>Conclusion:</strong>&nbsp;This study provides important determining factors associated with elderly falls, which can assist in developing and implementing an appropriate fall prevention program through environmental adjustments for the elderly.</p> Chatchada Sutalangka Ploypailin Namkorn Ekalak Sitthipornvorakul Sitang Kongkratoke Anongnad Mee-inta Wilawan Chaiut Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241037 e20241037 10.31584/jhsmr.20241037 Therapeutic Effects of Cannabinoids on Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273624 <p><strong>Objective</strong><strong>:&nbsp;</strong>This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis to ascertain the efficacy and safety of Cannabis in treating ulcerative colitis (UC).<br><strong>Material and Methods</strong><strong>:&nbsp;</strong>A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included in three databases (PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct) was performed; from inception till 31st July 2023, so as to ascertain the efficacy and safety of Cannabis in UC. Primary outcomes included: disease activity and endoscopic indices, and quality of life (QOL). The risk of bias in the studies was assessed via the RoB2 tool.<br><strong>Results</strong><strong>:&nbsp;</strong>In total 1,928 records identified; of which four were eligible for inclusion. The risk of bias in the included studies was moderate. The patients were randomized to the cannabinoid group had significantly improved disease activity indices (standardized mean difference (SMD) -1.78; 95% confidence interval (CI) (-2.89 to 0.67); I2=74%) and QOL (SMD -1.70; 95% CI (0.24 to 3.17); I2=75%) than those in the placebo group. However, cannabinoids did not have a significant impact on endoscopic indices (SMD -0.40; 95% CI (-0.92 to 0.11); I2=0%) nor C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (SMD -0.49; 95% CI (-0.87 to 1.85); I2=85%) of UC patients.<br><strong>Conclusion</strong><strong>:&nbsp;</strong>Cannabinoids show potential in improving disease activity and QOL; however, their impact on endoscopic indices and CRP levels remains inconclusive.</p> Rajesh Kumar Shruti Singh Vikas Maharshi Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241041 e20241041 10.31584/jhsmr.20241041 Effect of Home-Based Task-Based Mirror Therapy on Upper Extremity Function in Stroke Patients: A Four-Week Intervention Study https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273630 <p><strong>Objective</strong><strong>:&nbsp;</strong>This study aimed to investigate the effect of task-based mirror therapy on upper extremity function, and daily living activities in individuals with stroke, after four weeks of training.<br><strong>Material and Methods</strong><strong>:&nbsp;</strong>Participants were randomized into two groups, the task-based mirror therapy group and the task training as the control group: as 10 and 7 participants, respectively. The Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), the Sirindhorn National Medical Rehabilitation Center Functional Assessment (SNMRC) and the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) were assessed before and after training, over a four week period.<br><strong>Results</strong><strong>:&nbsp;</strong>The results showed that the home-based programs of both the task-based mirror therapy and the control group improved on all variables, but without statistical significance between groups. However, within group analysis, the task-based mirror therapy group exhibited significant differences between pre- and post-assessments for FMA; whereas, the control group did not.<br><strong>Conclusion</strong><strong>:&nbsp;</strong>The home-based program of task-based mirror therapy, as a task-specific training approach, has demonstrated the potential to enhance the recovery of upper limb motor function after a four-week training period.</p> Jaruwan Prasomsri Pakamas Jearudomsup Watcharaporn Pratheep Na Talang Nutchanart Madadam Achiraya Plodauksorn Khammissara Ratchatapan Warinporn Sukcharoen Sirinya Warinkaew Chatit Wichitphong Sobariyah Hama Sanusee Bensa-ed Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241042 e20241042 10.31584/jhsmr.20241042 Behavior to Prevent Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) among the Elderly with Non-Communicable Disease in Rural Northeastern Thailand https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273634 <p><strong>Objective:</strong>&nbsp;This study aimed to investigate the preventive behaviors against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to identify factors influencing these behaviors.<br><strong>Material and Methods:</strong>&nbsp;We conducted a cross-sectional study from September 2021 to January 2022 during the COVID-19 outbreak. The study population comprised 320 early-onset elderly individuals with non-communicable diseases residing in rural northeastern Thailand. A simple random sampling technique was utilized to select participants. Data collection was facilitated through a self-administered questionnaire.<br><strong>Results:</strong>&nbsp;The analysis indicated that 69.1% of participants were female, with a mean age of 63.7 years. Diabetes mellitus represented 43.1% of the underlying conditions. A significant majority (54.4%) exhibited a high level of preventive behavior against COVID-19. Notably, 76.3% of the participants consistently engaged in hand hygiene with alcohol gel in public settings. Age and educational background were significant personal factors correlated with preventive behaviors (p-value&lt;0.05). Participants with very high preventive behaviors were predominantly in the 60-65 age bracket (62.3% vs. 37.7%, p-value=0.027) and had completed late elementary education (46.0% vs. 30.1%, p-value=0.018).<br><strong>Conclusion:</strong>&nbsp;Elderly individuals with underlying diseases in rural areas of northeastern Thailand displayed commendable preventive behaviors against COVID-19. These findings suggest a heightened awareness and proactive engagement in mitigating the transmission of this infectious disease.</p> Kaewjai Maleelai Nichaphat Phudket Pridaporn Rittiron Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241046 e20241046 10.31584/jhsmr.20241046 Association of Low Back Pain Beyond Mid-Pregnancy with Maternal Physical Activity Prior to Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273636 <p><strong>Objective:</strong>&nbsp;1) To compare the proportions of low back pain (LBP) in pregnant women with adequate and inadequate physical activity (APA and IPA, respectively) prior to pregnancy. 2) To identify possible factors associated with LBP during pregnancy.<br><strong>Material and Methods:</strong>&nbsp;A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted. Pregnant women answered questions about their physical activity prior to and during pregnancy, using the Thai version of the short International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and assessed their lower back pain via the visual analog scale and the Thai version of the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).<br><strong>Results:</strong>&nbsp;A total of 342 pregnant women were enrolled. APA and IPA prior to pregnancy were detected in 172 and 170 cases, respectively. The proportions of LBP during pregnancy in each group were 61.6% and 64.7%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (p-value=0.555). When adjusted with multiple factors in logistic regression model, APA prior to pregnancy decreased the risk of LBP during pregnancy (p-value=0.02), with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) (95% CI) of 0.51 (0.281–0.916). In contrast, APA during pregnancy (p-value=0.01), pelvic pain (p-value&lt;0.001), and LBP in a previous pregnancy (p-value&lt;0.001) increased the risk of LBP during pregnancy, with aORs (95% CI) of 2.53 (1.236–5.197), 4.83 (2.563–9.110), and 7.49 (3.390–16.570), respectively.<br><strong>Conclusion:</strong>&nbsp;APA prior to pregnancy and limiting some types of activity during pregnancy may have a protective effect on LBP during pregnancy.</p> Rarinthip Boonpradit Wanpanithan Sudsaneha Kitsarawut Khuancharee Kasem Raungrongmorakot Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241047 e20241047 10.31584/jhsmr.20241047 Echocardiography Evaluation of the Left Ventricular Mass Index (LVMI) and Geometrical Pattern in Pre-Eclampsia and Pregnancy- Induced Hypertension Patients https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273637 <p><strong>Objective:</strong>&nbsp;The objective of this study was to evaluate the degree of hypertrophy and its geometrical patterns in hypertensive (HTN) pregnant women, with or without proteinuria.<br><strong>Material and Methods</strong>: Data from 88 pregnant women was analyzed., consecutively. Both clinical and echocardiographic data between normotensive and hypertensive women, with and without proteinuria, were compared.<br><strong>Results:</strong>&nbsp;Hypertensive women, with and without proteinuria, have a higher LV mass indexed by height than normotensive women (108.1±64.6 g/m vs. 76.5±24.8 g/m vs. 68.7±17.1 g/m, p-value=0.001).<br><strong>Conclusion:</strong>&nbsp;This research shows that women that suffer from pre-eclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertension show significant subclinical remodelling of the left ventricle, encompassing structural and functional changes, compared to those with normotensive pregnant women.</p> Thirumurugan E Edwin Dias Karthick R Kalpana Devi H Kaza Revanth Kumar Kamaleshwari K Karunya A Manisha S Madhumitha R Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241048 e20241048 10.31584/jhsmr.20241048 Analysis of Time to Relapse among Schizophrenia Patients in St. Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273638 <p><strong>Objective:</strong>&nbsp;To investigate the associated factors that affect time to relapse in patients with schizophrenia at St. Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, with recurrent events model.<br><strong>Material and Methods:</strong>&nbsp;A hospital-based retrospective review of the medical records of 332 patient with schizophrenia, covering a two-year period, were examined. Parametric frailty models were used to determine the correlation between discharge times and relapse, and to identify risk factors using R-software.&nbsp;<br><strong>Results:</strong>&nbsp;The distribution number of relapses was 162, and the median survival time of patients with schizophrenia was 665 days. The unobserved heterogeneity in patients and correlation between relapses, as estimated by the Weibull-gamma frailty model, was p-value≤0.001 and Kendall’s Tau (Γ)=0.498. This indicated that there was heterogeneity among participants and a correlation between relapses. The final model showed that the effect of psychiatric comorbidity (hazard ratio (HR)=6.522, p-value≤0.001), employment status (HR=5.334, p-value=0.001), history of suicide attempt (HR=2.167, p-value=0.003) and history of traditional treatment (HR=1.973262, p-value=0.021) had a significant effect on the hazard time to relapse. Onset Age of schizophrenia and drug adherence were not predictive. Subsequent relapses are likely dependent on both the first and previous relapses.<br><strong>Conclusion:</strong>&nbsp;Comorbidity, employment status, history of suicide attempt and history of traditional treatment are imperative risk factors influencing the hazard of time to relapse, which increases the risk of relapse.</p> Gebremedhin Desta Belihu Wudneh Ketema Moges Asamin Kasiye Yimer Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241049 e20241049 10.31584/jhsmr.20241049 Role of Furin Activation Sites as Receptors for Invasion of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Into Human Cells https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273639 <p><strong>Objective:</strong>&nbsp;The severe acute type of respiratory distress caused by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was responsible for the global pandemic of 2019. While most of the focus of vaccine/drug molecules is on the receptor, there are certain enzymes that also need to be checked. Cell surface proteases are one of these. Activation of the virus spike protein becomes more complicated when many host proteases are involved. As many Variants of Concerns have been reported in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), this study aimed to understand the proteolytic function of Furin in each, and its involvement in virus-host interaction.<br><strong>Material and Methods:</strong>&nbsp;Spike Protein sequence alignment, furin cleavage site prediction of variants: Wuhan, Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529), and protein-protein docking studies have been undertaken using appropriate bioinformatics tools.<br><strong>Results:</strong>&nbsp;It was observed that when compared to previous variations, the November 2021, outbreak of Omicron variant showed 50 amino acid substitutions in the Spike protein. Thus, in addition to the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptor, the role of virus binding sites to act as “Addition Receptors” for viral entry has been reported here.<br><strong>Conclusion:</strong>&nbsp;It was observed that substitution of basic amino acids in the Omicron variant may be responsible for the recognition of furin cleavage sites and the presence of furin cleavage site in the receptor binding domain (RBD) region&nbsp;will thus enhance viral transmission. If these sites are utilized in formulation of new drugs/vaccine molecules to target the furin hydrolyse sites, we may be able to add to the existing course of COVID-19 treatment.</p> BM Shareef Vinod Joshi Bennet Angel Annette Angel Bhawna Sharma Neha Singh Shilpa Barthwal Poorna Khaneja Nuzhat Maqbool Peer Ambreen Khan Ramesh Joshi Kiran Yadav Komal Tomar Satendra Pal Singh Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241051 e20241051 10.31584/jhsmr.20241051 Factors Associated with Procedure-related Tumor Seeding in Advanced Stage Lung Cancer Patients with Malignant Pleural Effusions https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273642 <p><strong>Objective:</strong>&nbsp;Pleural procedure-related tumor seeding detected by computed tomography (CT) is common in lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusion. This study aimed to identify the incidence of tumor seeding and the associated factors among lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusions.<br><strong>Material and Methods:</strong>&nbsp;This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 146 lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusions, diagnosed between 2010 and 2017, who underwent at least 1 pleural procedure and had at least 2 series of CT images. The potential factors were categorized into clinical characteristics, pleural characteristics, treatment factors, and pleural procedures. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were analyzed by Poisson regression to identify factors that were independently associated with tumor seeding.<br><strong>Results:</strong>&nbsp;The incidence of procedure-related tumor seeding was 26%. Significantly increased IRRs of tumor seeding were found in relation to 1 time (IRR 5.653, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.549 to 12.538) and ≥2 times of conventional intercostal chest drainage (ICD) insertion (IRR 5.837, 95% CI 1.768 to 19.266), 1 time (IRR 8.924, 95% CI 3.181 to 25.033) and ≥2 times of pleural biopsy (IRR 6.485, 95% CI 1.372 to 30.660), adenocarcinoma (IRR 8.329, 95% CI 2.804 to 24.747), and pleural thickening (IRR 12.458, 95% CI 1.360 to 114.152).<br><strong>Conclusion:</strong>&nbsp;Patients who had at least one pleural biopsy or ICD insertion, pleural fluid cytology positive or suspicious for malignancy, adenocarcinoma, or pleural thickening were found to be significantly at risk for tumor seeding.</p> Warath Chantaksinopas Kamonwon Cattapan Wiwatana Tanomkiat Sarayut Lucien Geater Nantaka Kiranantawat Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241053 e20241053 10.31584/jhsmr.20241053 Tempeh-Based Supplement Decreases Blood Glucose Levels Through Inhibiting Rage and NF-κB Activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice Model https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273650 <p><strong>Objective:</strong>&nbsp;Hyperglycemia promotes inflammation through inducing the formation of AGE products, which bind with receptor AGE (RAGE) products in cell membranes, leading to the activation of necrosis factor–kappa beta (NF-κB). This study aimed to analyze the effects of tempeh-based supplement (TBS) preparations of γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) tempeh against mRNA expressions of RAGE and NF-κB on the pancreas of a type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) mice model.<br><strong>Material and Methods:</strong>&nbsp;This research was a quasi-experiment, with pre and post-tests with a control design for blood glucose levels; and post-test only utilizing control for mRNA RAGE and NF-κB expressions. A total of 30 male mice, 8-10 weeks old, weighing 20-25 g were divided into 6 treatment groups: non-diabetic, Diabetic, Diabetic+metformin, Diabetic+TBS 10 mg/100 g BW, Diabetic+TBS 20 mg/100 g BW, and Diabetic+TBS 40 mg/100 g BW. STZ induction once a day for two days was preceded by NA to create a DM mice model; meanwhile, TBS was administrated once a day for 21 days.<br><strong>Results:</strong>&nbsp;The mean difference of fasting glucose levels in the diabetic+TBS 40 mg/100 g BW group was the highest when compared to the diabetic group (159.52±1.85) mg/dL. One-way ANOVA revealed statistically significant differences in fasting glucose levels, RAGE and NF-κB expressions in the Diabetic+TBS group at various dosage levels compared to the diabetic control group. Relative mRNA expressions of RAGE and NF-κB were downregulated in the treatment group compared to the diabetic control group.<br><strong>Conclusion:</strong>&nbsp;TBS can decrease fasting blood glucose levels and downregulate relative mRNA expressions of RAGE and NF-κB in type 2 DM mice.</p> Wayan D Miftakhul Jannah Arta Farmawati Pramudji Hastuti Prasetyastuti Prasetyastuti Ulfatun Nisa Ysrafil Ysrafil Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241056 e20241056 10.31584/jhsmr.20241056 The Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale Following Translation into the Telugu Language for Use in Type 2 Diabetes Patients https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273659 <p><strong>Objective:</strong>&nbsp;Although it is well known that exercise has many benefits, many people encounter barriers to following a regular fitness regime. The Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale (EBBS) had been developed in the English language to understand the perceptions of people about the benefits and barriers of exercise participation. The main intent of the current study was to translate the EBBS into the Telugu language and assess the psychometric properties of cross-culturally adapting the scale in people with Type 2 diabetes in Telangana State of India.<br><strong>Material and Methods:</strong>&nbsp;According to the translation guidelines, forward and backward translation was carried out and the final Telugu version of the questionnaire was prepared and distributed. A total of 103 responses were received from Type 2 diabetes patients in Telugu-speaking states of India from March 2022 to June 2022. Reliability and validity were assessed using Intra class Correlation Coefficient and Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to evaluate the internal consistency.<br><strong>Results:</strong>&nbsp;The reliability of the complete EBBS and its subscales were significantly high, with Cronbach’s alpha of more than 0.7 (0.946 for the Exercise Benefits subscale and 0.879 for the Exercise Barriers subscale) for all items in the Telugu version showing good internal consistency.<br><strong>Conclusion:</strong>&nbsp;The results of the translated and cross-culturally adapted Telugu version of EBBS demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity in a Type 2 Diabetes population, and therefore can be used in the Telugu-speaking population.</p> Sripada Pallavi Tatikola Venkatesh Natarajan Venkata Krishnaveni Desai Adlyne Reena Asirvatham Hannah Rajsekhar Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241059 e20241059 10.31584/jhsmr.20241059 The Diagnostic Value of the 50-Gram Glucose Challenge Test at Various Cut-off Levels Combined with Clinical Risk Factors in Predicting the Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273665 <p><strong>Objective:&nbsp;</strong>To evaluate the diagnostic precision of the 50-gram glucose challenge test (50-g GCT) at various levels for the detection of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to examine its association with clinical risk indicators.&nbsp;<br><strong>Material and Methods:&nbsp;</strong>At Thammasat University Hospital, our retrospective cohort comprised 1,197 pregnant women screened using the 50-g GCT based on risk factors, including a family history of GDM, obesity, and other factors. Out of these, 219 tested positive, with 83 (37.9%) diagnosed with GDM and 136 (62.1%) without GDM. Comprehensive data including baseline characteristics, as well as maternal and neonatal outcomes, were compiled. We assessed the correlations between clinical risk factors and 50-g GCT values to ascertain GDM. The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for various cut-off levels were determined.&nbsp;<br><strong>Results:&nbsp;</strong>The best cutoff for the 50-g GCT for GDM diagnosis was ≥220 mg/dL with 100% PPV without adding clinical risk. The PPVs reached 75% and 100%, respectively, when combined with maternal age ≥35 years at 50-g GCT thresholds of ≥210 mg/dL and ≥220 mg/dL. A history of diabetes in the family combined with a 50-g GCT provided 100% PPV at 200 mg/dL.&nbsp;<br><strong>Conclusion:&nbsp;</strong>A 50-g GCT cut-off value of ≥220mg/dL is proposed for a definitive GDM diagnosis in certain circumstances, negating the need for this additional test. When a pregnant woman has a family history of diabetes, the 50-g GCT cut-off of 200 mg/dL could be a promising marker for identifying GDM.&nbsp;</p> Amontis Chaimongkolpipob Supapen Lertvutivivat Tongta Nanthakomon Chamnan Tanprasertkul Banthisa Somboon Charintip Somprasit Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241063 e20241063 10.31584/jhsmr.20241063 Comparative Efficacy of Oxitard Capsules and Immusante Tablets in Early Stages of Oral Submucous Fibrosis - A Randomized Controlled Trial https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273666 <p><strong>Objective:</strong>&nbsp;Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is manifested by symptoms such as palpable fibrotic bands, ulceration, presence of stiffness in the mouth and lip, xerostomia, pigmentation in the oral mucosal layer, and burning sensation and drying of the mouth. It poses a challenge for researchers as there is no viable therapy for this gradually debilitating disorder with a high malignancy potential. Ayurveda is a traditional medicinal practice of the past and present times which can be useful in providing a viable cure. Thus, the current study was designed to assess and compare the effect of Oxitard capsule and Immusante tablet on the clinical and subjective symptoms of OSMF.<br><strong>Material and Methods:</strong>&nbsp;The study included 36 patients with clinically diagnosed OSMF who were split evenly into two groups: Group A, the Oxitard group, and Group B, the Immusante group. For three months, Group A received two Oxitard capsules twice daily, while Group B received two Immusante tablets twice daily. At regular intervals, the clinical parameters were evaluated, and the data were analysed using repeated measures ANOVA and the Bonferroni post hoc test. P-value≤0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.<br><strong>Results:</strong>&nbsp;On assessment of mouth opening, tongue protrusion, cheek flexibility and subjective symptoms there was significant improvement reported in both groups. In group comparison, the Oxitard and Immusante groups showed a significant difference in cheek flexibility at 3 months. There were no significant differences in subjective symptoms in either of the groups pre- and post-treatment.<br><strong>Conclusion:</strong>&nbsp;Efficacy of both the drugs were equall was found to be similar when used as an adjunct to tobacco cessation counselling in the management of early stages of oral submucous fibrosis when used as an adjunct to behavioral management.</p> Kabir Suman Dash Anmol Mathur Ladusingh Rajpurohit Sonal Kale Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241064 e20241064 10.31584/jhsmr.20241064 Sulfone Syndrome: A Unique Delayed Type of Drug Hypersensitivity from Dapsone https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273667 <p>Nowadays, dapsone is more commonly used in some dermatologic and inflammatory conditions other than leprosy. Even though it has excellent therapeutic efficacy, its side effects are of common concern. Although immune mediated drug hypersensitivity is less common, it can be fatal. Sulfone syndrome is a unique presentation that occurs in dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (DHR). Here, we report on a 22-year-old female who was prescribed one month of dapsone for dermatitis. She developed a generalized maculopapular rash and low-grade fever and observed that her sclera had a yellowish discoloration. This case report demonstrates a unique character of delay-type drug hypersensitivity from dapsone, with the aim of increasing physician awareness when prescribing dapsone.</p> Metus Thungthienthong Nonthanat Tongsengkee Porntip Intapiboon Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241054 e20241054 10.31584/jhsmr.20241054 Pituitary Hyperplasia and Overt Hypothyroidism Induced by Methimazole in an Adolescent Girl with Resistance to Thyroid Hormone Accompanying Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: A Case Report https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273670 <p>We describe a 13-year-old girl who presented at her local hospital with a diffuse goiter and had discrepant thyroid function test (TFT) of elevated free T4 (FT4), free T3 (FT3) levels with mildly elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and a pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) report of a pituitary hyperplasia. She was referred to our hospital where a repeat TFT found low FT4 and high TSH levels, and high levels of antithyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) antibodies, leading to the diagnosis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) with overt primary hypothyroidism. The girl had a good response after daily 100 µg levothyroxine treatment for 8 months with decreased goiter size along with disappearance of the pituitary mass. However, her FT4 and FT3 levels were elevated while the TSH was in the high normal range, although at this time there were no signs of hyperthyroidism. A genetic study confirmed our provisional diagnosis that the patient had a p.Pro453Thr monoallelic loss-of-function mutation of the thyroid hormone receptor beta (<em>THRB</em>) gene, suggesting the diagnosis of coexisting resistance to thyroid hormone-β (RTHβ) and HT in this patient.</p> Staporn Kasemsripitak Somchit Jaruratanasirikul Tansit Saengkaew Karn Wejaphikul Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241055 e20241055 10.31584/jhsmr.20241055 Telerehabilitation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Management: Exploring Experiences and Effectiveness https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/273674 <p>Telerehabilitation has emerged as a promising approach to address the challenges posed by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management. This article provides a comprehensive review of telerehabilitation’s characteristics,components, efficacy, patient experiences, and the implications for COPD patients. Telerehabilitation involves the use of telecommunication technologies to remotely deliver rehabilitation services, including exercise training, education, and monitoring, to individuals with COPD. It addresses barriers such as geographical distance and limited access to specialized facilities, making rehabilitation accessible from home. Telerehabilitation encompasses various approaches, including telemonitoring, teleconsultation, and tele-education. Several studies have indicated positive outcomes in exercise capacity, dyspnea, and quality of life when comparing telerehabilitation interventions to standard care or traditional rehabilitation programs. However, challenges related to technology access, digital literacy, and privacy need to be addressed for equitable implementation. Interdisciplinary collaboration among healthcare professionals is essential for the successful delivery of telerehabilitation. Future research should focus on refining the interventions, standardizing the protocols, and evaluating the long-term maintenance effects. By integrating patient-centered approaches and leveraging advancements in digital technologies, telerehabilitation can revolutionize COPD management strategies, enhancing patient outcomes in the modern healthcare landscape.</p> Simaporn Promsarn Kanokwan Rattanasaengloet Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-09-06 2024-09-06 42 5 e20241057 e20241057 10.31584/jhsmr.20241057