Effect of lifestyle modification on blood lipid levels in Maeka Sub-district population, Sanpatong District, Chiang Mai Province
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Health checkup data (2009-2012) from a community-based service project established by the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, were analyzed retrospectively. We found that the prevalence of high cholesterol level was increased in the population living in Maeka Sub-district, Sanpatong, Chiang Mai.
Objective: To study the effect of health promotion program on blood lipid levels.
Methods: Ninety-four participants were randomly selected for the study. They were received two sessions of health promotion program and classified into two groups based on defined criteria, (1) complete health promotion group, (2) incomplete health promotion group. The results of blood lipid levels before and after participation in health promotion program were analyzed.
Bull Chiang Mai Assoc Med Sci 2016; 49(1): 65-76
Results: Clinical chemistry studies demonstrated that total cholesterol and LDL-C mean levels were decreased. In contrast, sdLDL-C and glucose mean levels were increased in both complete and incomplete health promotion groups. HDL-C mean level was increased in the complete health promotion group. Triglyceride mean level was decreased in complete health promotion group but increased in the other group. Percentage of atherogenic ratios exhibited that both TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios in the complete health promotion group were not significantly decreased compared with other at 58.8%, 68.8% and 46.2%, 48.6%, respectively. Moreover, there was no significant difference in lifestyle behavior among these groups.
Conclusion: Although mean total cholesterol and LDL-C levels were decreased in both groups after participation in the health promotion program but it was not significant. Therefore, it could not be indicated that in long-term of lifestyle modification under health promotion program would be able to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease, so further study should be left to be elucidated.
Bull Chiang Mai Assoc Med Sci 2016; 49(1): 65-76. Doi: 10.14456/jams.2016.10
Article Details
Personal views expressed by the contributors in their articles are not necessarily those of the Journal of Associated Medical Sciences, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University.
References
2. Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program(NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 2001; 285(19): 2486-97.
3. Panthip Sangprasert. Health promotion and chronic disease prevention from ideas to practice. Bangkok: Thammasat University; 2011 (in Thai).
4. Proposal development plans in health promotion with universal health care coverage phase 2 [cited 2014 Jan 6]. Available from: http://www.hisro.or.th/main/modules/research/attachgovernance/156/ Full-text.pdf. (inThai).
5. Association of occupational and environmental of Thailand. Health promotion/disease prevention [cited 2008 May 26]. Available from: http://www.anamai.moph.go. th/occmed/Miracle Grand3.html. (in Thai).
6. Cluster of Health Information Unit. Bureau of Policy and Strategy. Ministry of Public Health. Thailand [cited 2012 Sep 24]. Available from: http://bps.ops.moph.go.th/ index.php?mod=bps&doc=5. (in Thai).
7. Razavi SM, Gholamin S, Eskandari A, Mohsenian N, Ghorbanihaghjo A, Delazar A, et al. Red grape seed extract improves lipid profiles and decreases oxidized low-density lipoprotein in patients with mild hyperlipidemia. J Med food 2013; 16(3): 255-8.
8. Usanee Vinitketkumnuen. Biochemistry of lipid and lipoprotein. 2nd ed. Chiang Mai: Star Compugraphics; 2004 (in Thai).
9. Bertolotti M, Maurantonio M, Gabbi C, Anzivino C, Carulli N. Review article: hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular risk. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 22 Suppl 2: S28-30.
10. Sachdeva A, Cannon CP, Deedwania PC, Labresh KA, Smith SC Jr, Dai D, et al. Lipid levels in patients hospitalized with coronary artery disease: an analysis of 136,905 hospitalizations in Get With The Guidelines. Am Heart J 2009; 157(1): 111-7.
11. Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Circulation 2002; 106(25): 3143-421.
12. Packard CJ. Small, dense low-density lipoprotein and its role as an independent predictor of CVD. Curr Opin Lipido 2006; 17(4): 412-7.
13. Schofield P, Crichton N, Chen R. Methods for assessing cardiovascular disease risk in a UK black population. Heart 2012; 98(18): 1373-7.
14. Framingham Heart Study : A Project of National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University [cited 2013 Apr 17]. Available from: https://www.framinghamheartstudy.org/risk-functions/spreadsheets/gencardio_bmi.xls.
15. Ford ES, Giles WH, Mokdad AH. The distribution of 10-Year risk for coronary heart disease among US adults: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III. Ford ES, Giles WH, Mokdad AH. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 43(10):1791-6.
16. American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2015; 38 Suppl 1: S8-16 [cited 2015 Oct 22]. Available from:http://diabetes.teithe.gr/usersfiles/entypa/standards%20of%20medical%20care%20in%.
17. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972; 18(6):499-502
18. Laboratory Unit of AMS clinical service center. Document control of The Dimension® EXL™ 200 Integrated Chemistry System. Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences. Chiang Mai University; 2013 (in Thai).
19. Laboratory Unit of AMS Clinical Service Center. Document control of Olympus AU400 Chemistry Analyzer. Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences. Chiang Mai University; 2011 (in Thai).
20. Hirano T, Ito Y, Saegusa H, Yoshino G. A novel and simple method for quantification of small, dense LDL. J lipid Res 2003; 44(11): 2193-201.
21. Guidelines for the Treatment of Hypertension in General Practice 2555 [cited 2015 Sep 14]. Available from: http://www.thaihypertension.org/hypertensiondetail.php?n_id=216. (in Thai)
22. Wildman R, Gu D, Reynolds K, Duan X, He J. Appropriate body mass index and waist circumference cutoffs for categorization of overweight and central adiposity among Chinese adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 80(5):1129–36.
23. WHO Expert Consultation. Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet 2004; 363(9403):157-63.
24. Grundy SM, Brewer HB Jr, Cleeman JI, Smith SC Jr, Lenfant C. Definition of metabolic syndrome: report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association conference on scientific issues related to definition. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004; 24(2): 433-38.
25. Zhu B, Haruyama Y, Muto T, Yamasaki A, Tarumi F. Evaluation of a community intervention program in Japan using Framingham risk score and estimated 10-year coronary heart disease risk as outcome variable: a non-randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2013; 13(219): 1-10.
26. Horton ES. Effects of lifestyle changes to reduce risks of diabetes and associated cardiovascular risks: results from large scale efficacy trials. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2009; 17 Suppl 3: S43-8.
27. Durstine JL, Grandjean PW, Davis PG, Ferguson MA, Alderson NL, DuBose KD. Blood lipid and lipoprotein adaptations to exercise: a quantitative analysis. Sports Med 2001; 31(15): 1033-62.
28. Kathiresan S, Otvos JD, Sullivan LM, et al. Increased small low density lipoprotein particle number: a prominent feature of the metabolic syndrome in the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 2006; 113(1): 20–9.
29. Packard CJ. Triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins and the generation of small, dense low-density lipoprotein. Biochem Soc Transac 2003; 31(Pt 5): 1066-9.
30. Rizzo M, Berneis K. Low-density lipoprotein size and cardiovascular prevention. Euro J Intern Med 2006; 17(2): 77-80.
31. Van J, Pan J, Charles MA, Krauss R, Wong N, Wu X. Atherogenic lipid phenotype in ageneral group of subjects. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2007; 131(11): 1679-85.
32. Colberg SR, Sigal RJ, Fernhall B, Regensteiner JG, Blissmer BJ, Rubin RR., et al. Exercise and type 2 diabetes: the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Diabetes Association: joint position statement executive summary. Diabetes Care 2010; 33(12): 2692-6.
33. Marliss EB, Vranic M. Intense exercise has unique effects on both insulin release and its roles in glucoregulation: implications for diabetes. Diabetes 2002; 51 Suppl 1: S271-83.