Expression of preadipocyte genes in apical papilla cells after treatment with crude water extract of Cuscuta japonica Choisy
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Published:
Aug 26, 2021
Keywords:
Cuscuta japonica Choisy, flavonoids, phenolic acids, gene expression
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Abstract
Background: Cuscuta japonica Choisy (Japanese dodder) is a well-known traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been used since ancient times as longevity and rejuvenation remedies, especially, in the southern part of China. The effects of this herb are widely known and can be applied for the treatment of a number of physiological diseases, but there is a lack of evidence describing its effects.
Objectives: This study focused on observing global change of gene expression after long-term treatment with high dose of crude water extract from Cuscuta japonica Choisy.
Materials and methods: In this research, dodder seeds were blended and boiled in distilled water before freeze drying to preserve as dried powder. UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS was employed to test for important compounds in the extract of Cuscuta japonica Choisy. The extract at the concentration of 250 µg/mL was tested with apical papilla cells for 10 days to screen for change of gene expression by RNA sequencing before confirmation with real-time PCR.
Results: UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS result found glycosides, phenolic acids and flavonoids as the main components in dodder seed water extract. Results from next-generation sequencing showed that dodder seed water extract significantly altered expression of 19 genes in apical papilla cells treated with the extract for 10 days (11 genes were increased while 8 genes were decreased). RT-PCR result of CD36 and SCARA5 genes showed correlated results with RNA sequencing.
Conclusion: The active compounds found in dodder seed water extract were phenolic acid, flavonoids, polysaccharide, lignan and volatile oil. The RNA sequencing studied in apical papilla cells showed that dodder seed water extract affected only a few genes that played roles in metabolism which correlated to the properties of this herb that was described as supplementary in metabolic diseases.
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Kantawong, F., Wongsit, P., Yang, J., Wanachantararak, P., Nan, J., & Wu, J. (2021). Expression of preadipocyte genes in apical papilla cells after treatment with crude water extract of Cuscuta japonica Choisy. Journal of Associated Medical Sciences, 54(3), 125–134. Retrieved from https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/bulletinAMS/article/view/250791
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Personal views expressed by the contributors in their articles are not necessarily those of the Journal of Associated Medical Sciences, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University.
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[4] Moon M, Jeong HU, Choi JG, Jeon SG, Song EJ, Hong SP, et al. Memory-enhancing effects of Cuscuta japonica Choisy via enhancement of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in mice. Behav Brain Res. 2016;311:173-82. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.05.031.
[5] Suk K, LEE S, Bae J. Inhibitory Effects of Cuscuta japonica Extract and C. australis Extract on Mushroom Tyrosinase Activity. Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy. 2004;35(4):380-3.
[6] Jang JY, Kim HN, Kim YR, Choi YH, Kim BW, Shin HK, et al. Aqueous fraction from Cuscuta japonica seed suppresses melanin synthesis through inhibition of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in B16F10 cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012;141(1):338-44. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.02.043.
[7] Hu Y, Wang L. Extraction and content determination of polysaccharide in Cuscuta japonica Choisy in Changbai mountain area. Med Plant 2010;1(2):42-4.
[8] Al-Sultany F, Al-Hussaini I, Al- Saadi A. Studying Hypoglycemic Activity of Cuscuta chinesis Lam. on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in White Male Rats. Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1294. 2019; 062020. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1294/6/062020.
[9] Moon J, Ha MJ, Shin MJ, Kim OY, Yoo EH, Song J, et al. Semen Cuscutae Administration Improves Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Adiposity in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Nutrients. 2019;11(12). doi: 10.3390/nu11123035.
[10] Nada OA, El Backly RM. Stem Cells From the Apical Papilla (SCAP) as a Tool for Endogenous Tissue Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2018;6:103. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00103.
[11] Huang GT, Sonoyama W, Liu Y, Liu H, Wang S, Shi S. The hidden treasure in apical papilla: the potential role in pulp/dentin regeneration and bioroot engineering. J Endod. 2008;34(6):645-51. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.03.001.
[12] Wang W, Yan Z, Hu J, Shen WJ, Azhar S, Kraemer FB. Scavenger receptor class B, type 1 facilitates cellular fatty acid uptake. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2019:158554. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.158554.
[13] Liu Q, Li R, Chen G, Wang J, Hu B, Li C, et al. Inhibitory effect of 17 beta-estradiol on triglyceride synthesis in skeletal muscle cells is dependent on ESR1 and not ESR2. Molecular Medicine Reports. 2019;19(6):5087-96. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10189.
[14] Li JY, Paragas N, Ned RM, Qiu A, Viltard M, Leete T, et al. Scara5 is a ferritin receptor mediating non-transferrin iron delivery. Dev Cell. 2009;16(1):35-46. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2008.12.002.
[15] Simeonova R, Vitcheva V, Zheleva-Dimitrova D, Balabanova V, Savov I, Yagi S, et al. Trans-3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid from Geigeria alata Benth. & Hook.f. ex Oliv. & Hiern with beneficial effects on experimental diabetes in animal model of essential hypertension. Food Chem Toxicol. 2019;132:110678. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110678.
[16] Noureen S, Noreen S, Ghumman SA, Batool F, Bukhari SNA. The genus. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2019;22(11):1225-52. doi: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.35296.8407.
[17] Lodise O, Patil K, Karshenboym I, Prombo S, Chukwueke C, Pai SB. Inhibition of Prostate Cancer Cells by 4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic Acid through Cell Cycle Arrest. Prostate Cancer. 2019;2019:4520645. doi: 10.1155/2019/4520645.
[18] Tabassum N, Lee JH, Yim SH, Batkhuu GJ, Jung DW, Williams DR. Isolation of 4,5-O-Dicaffeoylquinic Acid as a Pigmentation Inhibitor Occurring in Artemisia capillaris Thunberg and Its Validation In Vivo. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:7823541. doi: 10.1155/2016/7823541.
[19] Meng S, Cao J, Feng Q, Peng J, Hu Y. Roles of chlorogenic Acid on regulating glucose and lipids metabolism: a review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:801457. doi: 10.1155/2013/801457.
[20] Ilavenil S, Kim dH, Srigopalram S, Arasu MV, Lee KD, Lee JC, et al. Potential Application of p-Coumaric Acid on Differentiation of C2C12 Skeletal Muscle and 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes-An in Vitro and in Silico Approach. Molecules. 2016;21(8). doi: 10.3390/molecules21080997.
[21] Olennikov DN, Kashchenko NI, Chirikova NK, Akobirshoeva A, Zilfikarov IN, Vennos C. Isorhamnetin and Quercetin Derivatives as Anti-Acetylcholinesterase Principles of Marigold (Calendula officinalis) Flowers and Preparations. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(8). doi: 10.3390/ijms18081685.
[22] López-Biedma A, Sánchez-Quesada C, Beltrán G, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Gaforio JJ. Phytoestrogen (+)-pinoresinol exerts antitumor activity in breast cancer cells with different oestrogen receptor statuses. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016;16:350. doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1233-7.
[23] Kim Y, Ryu R, Choi J, Choi M. Platycodon grandiflorus Root Ethanol Extract Induces Lipid Excretion, Lipolysis, and Thermogenesis in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Journal of Medicinal Food. 2019; 22(11):1100-1109. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4443.
[24] Wang J, Hao J, Wang X, Guo H, Sun H, Lai X, et al. DHHC4 and DHHC5 Facilitate Fatty Acid Uptake by Palmitoylating and Targeting CD36 to the Plasma Membrane. Cell Reports. 2019;26(1): 209-221.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.022.
[25] Vroegrijk IO, van Klinken JB, van Diepen JA, van den Berg SA, Febbraio M, Steinbusch LK, et al. CD36 is important for adipocyte recruitment and affects lipolysis. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013;21(10):2037-45. doi: 10.1002/oby.20354.
[26] Luo X, Li Y, Yang P, Chen Y, Wei L, Yu T, et al. Obesity induces preadipocyte CD36 expression promoting inflammation via the disruption of lysosomal calcium homeostasis and lysosome function. EBioMedicine. 2020;56:102797. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102797.
[27] Huang KT, Hsu LW, Chen KD, Kung CP, Goto S, Chen CL. Decreased PEDF Expression Promotes Adipogenic Differentiation through the Up-Regulation of CD36. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(12). doi: 10.3390/ijms19123992.
[28] Christiaens V, Van Hul M, Lijnen HR, Scroyen I. CD36 promotes adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012;1820(7):949-56. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.04.001.
[29] Menssen A, Häupl T, Sittinger M, Delorme B, Charbord P, Ringe J. Differential gene expression profiling of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells during adipogenic development. BMC Genomics. 2011;12:461. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-12-461.
[30] Lee H, Lee Y, Choi H, Seok J, Yoon B, Kim D, et al. SCARA5 plays a critical role in the commitment of mesenchymal stem cells to adipogenesis. Scientific Reports. 2017;7(1):14833.doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-12512-2.
[31] Ryu S, Howland A, Song B, Youn C, Song PI. Scavenger Receptor Class A to E Involved in Various Cancers. Chonnam Med J. 2020;56(1):1-5. doi: 10.4068/cmj.2020.56.1.1.
[32] Zheng C, Xia EJ, Quan RD, Bhandari A, Wang OC, Hao RT. Scavenger receptor class A, member 5 is associated with thyroid cancer cell lines progression via epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cell Biochem Funct. 2020. doi: 10.1002/cbf.3455.
[33] Zhao J, Jian L, Zhang L, Ding T, Li X, Cheng D, et al. Knockdown of SCARA5 inhibits PDGF-BB-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration through suppression of the PDGF signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep. 2016;13(5):4455-60. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5074.
[34] Zani IA, Stephen SL, Mughal NA, Russell D, Homer-Vanniasinkam S, Wheatcroft SB, et al. Scavenger receptor structure and function in health and disease. Cells. 2015;4(2):178-201. doi: 10.3390/cells4020178.
[35] Dudek M, Kołodziejski PA, Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Sassek M, Ziarniak K, Nowak KW, et al. Effects of high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes on Kiss1 and GPR54 expression in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and peripheral organs (fat, pancreas and liver) in male rats. Neuropeptides. 2016;56:41-9. doi: 10.1016/j.npep.2016.01.005.
[36] Castellano JM, Navarro VM, Fernández-Fernández R, Roa J, Vigo E, Pineda R, et al. Expression of hypothalamic KiSS-1 system and rescue of defective gonadotropic responses by kisspeptin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. Diabetes. 2006;55(9):2602-10. doi: 10.2337/db05-1584.
[37] Wang T, Cui X, Xie L, Xing R, You P, Zhao Y, et al. Kisspeptin Receptor GPR54 Promotes Adipocyte Differentiation and Fat Accumulation in Mice. Front Physiol. 2018;9:209. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00209.
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