Comparison of renal biomarkers in obesity with early renal dysfunction
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Abstract
Background: Obesity is an important risk factor of chronic kidney disease. Screening and diagnosis of the disease at the early stage are beneficial for risk control and therapeutic management.
Objectives: To assess the relationship among renal biomarkers levels and obesity parameters in obese people with early renal dysfunction.
Materials and methods: Subjects were 180 volunteers, aged 35-60 years, who participated in a health survey at the time of periodic checkup. They were divided into 3 groups using body mass index (BMI) and into 2 groups based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR); normal kidney function (NKF) and early renal disease (ERD). Serum cystatin C, urinary kidney injury molecule (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were measured.
Results: The results show that eGFR values of NKF and ERD group were 105.02±8.34 and 79.90±10.76 mL/min/1.73m2, respectively. The ERD group with decreased eGFR, had significantly increased serum creatinine levels (p<0.001), but decreased KIM-1 in the obesity group. Serum cystatin C significantly increased in ERD (p<0.001) and was negatively associated with obesity parameters but negatively correlated with eGFR. Urinary KIM-1 trended to decrease in ERD, but not significant (p>0.05) compared to normal kidney function group. In addition, urinary NGAL was positively correlated with eGFR. Multivariable adjusted OR (95% confidence interval) for ERD in obese group was 3.8 (1.2-11.9) for cystatin C (p for trend=0.024). This association was more announced in older subjects (≥45 years).
Conclusion: Cystatin C could be used for monitoring normal kidney function as well as early renal injury in obese population. This could be implemented in screening, risk regulation and management of kidney diseases at the early stage.
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Personal views expressed by the contributors in their articles are not necessarily those of the Journal of Associated Medical Sciences, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University.
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