Effects of Nursing Care Based on Health Belief Model on Preterm Birth Preventive Perception and Behaviors among Pregnant Teenagers
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Abstract
This research is a quasi-experimental study using a two-group pretest-posttest design aimed to evaluate the effects of nursing care based on Health Belief Model on preterm birth prevention perceptions and behaviors among pregnant teenagers. The participants included 62 pregnant women with younger than 20 years old who received the ANC clinic at Buriram Hospital and randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n=31) or control group (n=31) selected by using inclusion criteria. Data were collected between January to April 2024. The research collection tools were personal questionnaire, preterm preventive perception and behaviors, and preterm birth preventive behaviors questionnaires. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to test reliability of preterm birth prevention perception, and preterm birth prevention behavior questionnaires a value of .75 and .72 The content validity indices (CVI) a value of .99 and .97. Data analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, and Mann-Whitny U test. The results revealed that after the experiment the experimental group had the significantly better mean score of perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived self-efficacy, and preterm birth preventive behaviors than before intervention and the control group (z = -5.530, p<.001; z = -3.608, p<.001; z = -3.424, p<.001; z = -2.512, p=.021; z = -4.748, p<.001, & z = -5.611, p<.001). Findings suggest that midwives could apply this nursing care based on Health Belief Model in order to promote the preventive preterm birth perceptions and behaviors of pregnant teenagers to reduce the rate of preterm birth.
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