Factors Associated with Sleep Quality Among Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
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Abstract
This descriptive correlational study aimed to investigate sleep quality and its associated factors among pregnant women with GDM, focusing on blood sugar levels, stress, and social support. The participants consisted of 128 pregnant women with GDM who visited prenatal care at Taksin Hospital, Klang Hospital, and Charoen Krung Hospital. Data collection instruments included the Personal Data Record Form and Questionnaire, the Thai version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Thai version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Social Support for Pregnant Women at Risk Questionnaire, and the Blood Sugar Level Record Form. The reliability coefficients for the PSQI, PSS, and Social Support Questionnaire were .82, .82, and .94, respectively. Data were analyzed by employing descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, point-biserial correlation coefficient, and biserial correlation coefficient. The results showed that 55.47% of women with GDM had poor sleep quality. The mean global PSQI score was 6.13 (S.D. = 2.39). Stress and social support had a statistically significant positive correlation with sleep quality (r = .265, rb = - .176, p < .05 respectively). There was no significant correlation between blood sugar level and sleep quality. Therefore, nurse-midwives should assess sleep quality, stress level, and social support among women with GDM. Moreover, strategies for stress reduction and social support enhancement should be developed to improve good sleep quality in women with GDM.
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