Neurobiology of hallucination
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Published:
Jun 15, 2019
Keywords:
Neurobiology pathophysiology hallucination psychiatry neuropsychiatry ประสาทสรีรวิทยา พยาธิสรีรวิทยา ประสาทหลอน จิตเวชศาสตร์ ประสาทจิตเวชศาสตร์
Main Article Content
Abstract
Hallucination is a prominent symptom of psychosis and psychiatry in general. Though no consensus on its origin has been reached yet, a plethora of studies has sparked multiple theories on neurobiology of hallucination.
The most prominent hypothesis is that hallucination is actually an internal stimulus misattributed as external stimulus. While the hypothesis itself can explain auditory hallucination and visual hallucination by a stretch and is backed by numbers of studies, the exact mechanism of misattribution is still a debatable topic. Charles Bonnet syndrome is a phenomenon of visual hallucination that occurs after damage to any part of the visual pathway. Hypotheses on the mechanisms of Charles Bonnet phenomenon are still up for discussion and may not be applicable to others types of hallucination. Recent studies on dopamine suggest that biased weighting on expectation rather than actual stimuli may be the underlying mechanism for illusion and hallucination, albeit by a stretch.
While the exact neurobiology of hallucination is still inconclusive, it sure is a highly complicated process that is challenging to fully understand.
Article Details
Section
Review article (บทความฟื้นฟูวิชาการ)
บทความหลังผ่านการปรับแก้จากกองบรรณาธิการแล้ว เป็นลิขสิทธ์ของวารสารจิตเวชวิทยาสาร โรงพยาบาลสวนปรุง กรมสุขภาพจิต กระทรวงสาธารณสุข ห้ามเผยแพร่เพื่อประโยชน์ทางการค้าโดยไม่ได้รับอนุญาต แต่อนุญาตให้เผยแพร่บทความดังกล่าวเพื่อประโยชน์ทางการศึกษาแก่ประชาชนทั่วไป ทั้งนี้กองบรรณาธิการไม่จำเป็นต้องเห็นด้วยกับบทความหรือข้อคิดเห็นใดๆ ที่ปรากฏในวารสารสวนปรุง
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25. Mallikarjun PK, Lalousis PA, Dunne TF, et al. Aberrant salience network functional connectivity in auditory verbal hallucinations: a first episode psychosis sample. Translational psychiatry 2018; 8: 69. 2018/03/28. DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0118-6.
26. Chen X, Ji GJ, Zhu C, et al. Neural Correlates of Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia and the Therapeutic Response to Theta-Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. Schizophrenia bulletin 2019; 45: 474-483. 2018/05/08. DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sby054.
27. Wu KY, Chao CW, Hung CI, et al. Functional abnormalities in the cortical processing of sound complexity and musical consonance in schizophrenia: evidence from an evoked potential study. BMC psychiatry 2013; 13: 158. 2013/06/01. DOI: 10.1186/1471-244x-13-158.
28. Hubl D, Koenig T, Strik WK, et al. Competition for neuronal resources: how hallucinations make themselves heard. The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science 2007; 190: 57-62. 2007/01/02. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.106.022954.
29. Rieger K, Rarra MH, Diaz Hernandez L, et al. Neurofeedback-Based Enhancement of Single-Trial Auditory Evoked Potentials: Treatment of Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia. Clinical EEG and neuroscience 2018; 49: 367-378. 2018/03/24. DOI: 10.1177/1550059418765810.
2. Teufel C. Sensory Neuroscience: Linking Dopamine, Expectation, and Hallucinations. Current biology : CB 2018; 28: R158-r160. 2018/02/21. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.01.003.
3. Helmholtz Hv. Concerning the perceptions in general. Treatise on physiological optics 1866.
4. Feinberg I. Corollary Discharge, Hallucinations, and Dreaming. Schizophrenia bulletin 2011; 37: 1-3. DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbq115.
5. Tian X and Poeppel D. Mental imagery of speech and movement implicates the dynamics of internal forward models. Frontiers in psychology 2010; 1: 166. 2010/01/01. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00166.
6. Zhang W, Li S, Wang X, et al. Abnormal dynamic functional connectivity between speech and auditory areas in schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations. NeuroImage Clinical 2018; 19: 918-924. 2018/07/14. DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.06.018.
7. Wang J, Mathalon DH, Roach BJ, et al. Action planning and predictive coding when speaking. NeuroImage 2014; 91: 91-98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.01.003.
8. Brookwell M, Bentall R and Varese F. Externalizing biases and hallucinations in source-monitoring, self-monitoring and signal detection studies: a meta-analytic review. Psychological medicine 2013; 43: 2465-2475.
9. Jenkins LM, Bodapati AS, Sharma RP, et al. Working memory predicts presence of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychosis. Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology 2018; 40: 84-94. 2017/06/01. DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2017.1321106.
10. Perrin MA, Kantrowitz JT, Silipo G, et al. Mismatch negativity (MMN) to spatial deviants and behavioral spatial discrimination ability in the etiology of auditory verbal hallucinations and thought disorder in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia research 2018; 191: 140-147. 2017/05/24. DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.05.012.
11. McCleery A, Wynn JK, Mathalon DH, et al. Hallucinations, neuroplasticity, and prediction errors in schizophrenia. Scandinavian journal of psychology 2018; 59: 41-48. 2018/01/23. DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12413.
12. Oertel V, Rotarska-Jagiela A, van de Ven VG, et al. Visual hallucinations in schizophrenia investigated with functional magnetic resonance imaging. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging 2007; 156: 269-273.
13. Tian X, Zarate JM and Poeppel D. Mental imagery of speech implicates two mechanisms of perceptual reactivation. Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior 2016; 77: 1-12. DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.01.002.
14. Brébion G, Ohlsen RI, Pilowsky LS, et al. Visual hallucinations in schizophrenia: Confusion between imagination and perception. Neuropsychology 2008; 22: 383.
15. Stephan-Otto C, Siddi S, Senior C, et al. Remembering verbally-presented items as pictures: Brain activity underlying visual mental images in schizophrenia patients with visual hallucinations. Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior 2017; 94: 113-122. 2017/07/27. DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.06.009.
16. Menon GJ, Rahman I, Menon SJ, et al. Complex visual hallucinations in the visually impaired: the Charles Bonnet Syndrome. Survey of ophthalmology 2003; 48: 58-72.
17. Santhouse A, Howard R and Ffytche D. Visual hallucinatory syndromes and the anatomy of the visual brain. Brain : a journal of neurology 2000; 123: 2055-2064.
18. Jurisic D, Sesar I, Cavar I, et al. Hallucinatory experiences in visually impaired individuals: Charles Bonnet syndrome - implications for research and clinical practice. Psychiatr Danub 2018; 30: 122-128. 2018/06/23. DOI: 10.24869/psyd.2018.122.
19. Vale TC, Fernandes LC and Caramelli P. Charles Bonnet syndrome: characteristics of its visual hallucinations and differential diagnosis. Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria 2014; 72: 333-336.
20. Sjolund S, Larsson M, Olofsson JK, et al. Phantom Smells: Prevalence and Correlates in a Population-Based Sample of Older Adults. Chemical senses 2017 2017/03/24. DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjx006.
21. Cassidy CM, Balsam PD, Weinstein JJ, et al. A Perceptual Inference Mechanism for Hallucinations Linked to Striatal Dopamine. Current biology : CB 2018; 28: 503-514.e504. 2018/02/06. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.12.059.
22. Psomiades M, Mondino M, Fonteneau C, et al. N-Acetyl-Aspartate in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in men with schizophrenia and auditory verbal hallucinations: A 1.5 T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study. Scientific reports 2018; 8: 4133. 2018/03/09. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22597-y.
23. Dierks T, Linden DE, Jandl M, et al. Activation of Heschl's gyrus during auditory hallucinations. Neuron 1999; 22: 615-621. 1999/04/10.
24. Northoff G. Are Auditory Hallucinations Related to the Brain's Resting State Activity? A 'Neurophenomenal Resting State Hypothesis'. Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; 12: 189-195. 2015/01/20. DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2014.12.3.189.
25. Mallikarjun PK, Lalousis PA, Dunne TF, et al. Aberrant salience network functional connectivity in auditory verbal hallucinations: a first episode psychosis sample. Translational psychiatry 2018; 8: 69. 2018/03/28. DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0118-6.
26. Chen X, Ji GJ, Zhu C, et al. Neural Correlates of Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia and the Therapeutic Response to Theta-Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. Schizophrenia bulletin 2019; 45: 474-483. 2018/05/08. DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sby054.
27. Wu KY, Chao CW, Hung CI, et al. Functional abnormalities in the cortical processing of sound complexity and musical consonance in schizophrenia: evidence from an evoked potential study. BMC psychiatry 2013; 13: 158. 2013/06/01. DOI: 10.1186/1471-244x-13-158.
28. Hubl D, Koenig T, Strik WK, et al. Competition for neuronal resources: how hallucinations make themselves heard. The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science 2007; 190: 57-62. 2007/01/02. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.106.022954.
29. Rieger K, Rarra MH, Diaz Hernandez L, et al. Neurofeedback-Based Enhancement of Single-Trial Auditory Evoked Potentials: Treatment of Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia. Clinical EEG and neuroscience 2018; 49: 367-378. 2018/03/24. DOI: 10.1177/1550059418765810.