Understanding perceived good death among older adults: A qualitative systematic review for model development 10.55131/jphd/2026/240223
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Abstract
The concept of a "good death" encompasses physical, psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions, emphasizing dignity and meaning at the end of life. However,
the perceptions of older adults regarding this concept remain underexplored, particularly across diverse cultural and demographic contexts. This study aimed to conduct a qualitative systematic review to identify unique perceptions concerning a good death among adults aged 60 and above and to develop a comprehensive model addressing these aspects.
A qualitative systematic review methodology, guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute’s framework and PRISMA guidelines, synthesized 12 qualitative studies published between 2000–2022. Thematic synthesis, supported by a hybrid approach of human coding and automated analysis using DivoMiner software, then ensured robust findings through triangulation between machine-generated codes and human annotations. Five interconnected themes emerged: (1) peaceful and dignified death, (2) family and social influences, (3) autonomy and control, (4) spiritual and cultural perspectives, and (5) challenges associated with a bad death. The desires for pain-free experiences and autonomy were balanced with cultural and familial factors, underscoring the need for compassionate, culturally sensitive care. The present study proposes a comprehensive "Good Death" model to improve nursing practices through holistic, personalized, and culturally informed end-of-life care. By integrating spiritual and cultural sensitivity and emphasizing familial involvement, the model addresses gaps for future research and policy development, ultimately enhancing the quality of life and end-of-life experiences for older adults worldwide.
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