Biological and ecological determinants of Hand Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) in Coastal District of Northeastern Peninsular Malaysia: A 5-Year retrospective study 10.55131/jphd/2024/220321

Main Article Content

Mohammad Fazrul Mohamamd Basir
Nazirul Munir Abu Hassan
Izyan Auni Mohamad
Syakinah Mohamed
Ahmed Farrasyah Mohd Kutubudin
Muhammad Zikri Ab Aziz
Mardhiyyah Azmi
Norhasnizal Mohd Yusoff
Razan Ab. Samat
Suhaily Mohd Hairon

Abstract

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common viral communicable disease in Malaysia, characterized by its self-limiting nature, yet it leads to numerous outbreaks and fatalities, particularly among young children. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence, geographic distribution, temporal patterns, and associated factors of HFMD cases within the Bachok District of Kelantan, spanning the years 2018 to 2022. A retrospective cohort study analysed extract data on independent factors and notification status from the Communicable Disease Control Information System (CDCIS). Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were employed on a cohort of 1351 HFMD’s notifications. The retrospective analysis reveals a predominant HFMD’s notification were males (56.7%). Outpatient care was common (98.4%), with primary health care being the main choice. Logistic regression indicates higher odds for HFMD in those attending primary health care or private practitioners, daycare attendees, during the Southwest Monsoon season, and before the Movement Control Order (MCO) implementation, emphasizing key risk factors for HFMD. This study’s integrative approach recognizes that health and disease are often influenced by a combination of factors spanning the ecological, biological, and clinical domains. Thus, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive understanding when formulating public health strategies particularly in primary healthcare settings and daycare facilities during the Southwest Monsoon season.

Article Details

How to Cite
1.
Mohamamd Basir MF, Abu Hassan NM, Mohamad IA, Mohamed S, Mohd Kutubudin AF, Ab Aziz MZ, Azmi M, Mohd Yusoff N, Ab. Samat R, Mohd Hairon S. Biological and ecological determinants of Hand Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) in Coastal District of Northeastern Peninsular Malaysia: A 5-Year retrospective study: 10.55131/jphd/2024/220321. J Public Hlth Dev [Internet]. 2024 Sep. 9 [cited 2024 Nov. 21];22(3):256-71. Available from: https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/AIHD-MU/article/view/270615
Section
Original Articles
Author Biographies

Mohammad Fazrul Mohamamd Basir, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia

Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia

Bachok District Health Office, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia

 

Nazirul Munir Abu Hassan, Kelantan State Health Department, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia

Kelantan State Health Department, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia

Izyan Auni Mohamad, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia

Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia

Syakinah Mohamed, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia

Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia

Ahmed Farrasyah Mohd Kutubudin, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia

Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia

Bachok District Health Office, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia

 

Muhammad Zikri Ab Aziz, Bachok District Health Office, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia

Bachok District Health Office, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia

Mardhiyyah Azmi, Bachok District Health Office, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia

Bachok District Health Office, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia

Norhasnizal Mohd Yusoff, Bachok District Health Office, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia

Bachok District Health Office, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia

Razan Ab. Samat, Bachok District Health Office, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia

Bachok District Health Office, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia

Suhaily Mohd Hairon, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia

Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia

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