Community-Based Health Literacy Program on Uncontrolled Hypertension in Urban Area, Thailand
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Abstract
Many strategies have been used to address uncontrolled HT. This study aimed to determine the community-based health literacy program which effected on uncontrolled hypertension (HT) in an urban area. This was a quasi-experiment performing during June 2017 to March 2018. Two urban areas were selected as sites for an intervention group and a comparison group, and patients with uncontrolled HT were separately randomized within each group. The intervention group, consisting of 63 patients, received a community-based health literacy program of care for six months, and the comparison group, consisting of 60 patients, received usual care. Data were collected by questionnaire, and blood pressure (BP) measurement was done at home for seven consecutive days at baseline, three months, and six months. Biochemistry levels were tested at baseline and six months. Statistics were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Fisher’s exact and chi-square test was analyzed for categorical variables. Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test and independent-t test was analyzed for continuous variables. Multiple linear regression was used for mean comparison with adjusted confounders. Statistically significant changes (P < 0.001) were found between the intervention and comparison groups. The intervention group showed decrease of -9.6 mmHg (95% CI; -14.0, -5.2) in systolic home blood pressure (SHBP), -6.2 mmHg (95% CI; -8.2, -4.0) in diastolic home blood pressure (DHBP), -0.8 kg/ m2 (95% CI; -1.2, -0.4) in body mass index (BMI), and -23.8 mg/dL (95% CI; -34.2, -13.5) in low density lipoprotein (LDL) compared to the comparison group. The community-based health literacy program effectively decreased blood pressure, BMI and LDL in uncontrolled HT patients in an urban community. Expanding the program into other urban areas may be useful for HT control and prevent its complications.
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