Incidence, prevalence, and factors predicting diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in public health centers, Bangkok metropolitan administration

Main Article Content

Sukanya Noypa
Kerada Krainuwat
Rukchanok Koshakri

Abstract

The Objectives this research were 1) to explore incidence and prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients, and 2) to study the predictive power of Hemoglobin A1c, fasting blood sugar, duration of having T2DM, health behaviour, health literacy, genetics, and income to the occurrence of DR among T2DM patients receiving care from public health centers. A retrospective study design was conducted from 1,084 chart records to explore the incidence and prevalence of DR. Then 153 participants were recruited to study predicting factors for the occurrence of DR. Data were collected from chart reviews and self-reported questionnaires; then analyzed using descriptive and logistic statistics analysis. The findings showed that the incidence rate of DR was 3 per 1,000 population, and the prevalence rate of DR was 134 per 1,000 population. Hemoglobin A1c, fasting blood sugar, duration of having T2DM, health behaviour, health literacy, genetics, and income altogether could predict the occurrence of DR by 47% (R2 = 0.47,  p < .05). Hemoglobin A1c, fasting blood sugar, duration of having T2DM, and health literacy could reduce the risk of DR significantly (OR = 1.51, 95%CI = 1.04, 2.21, p < .05;OR = 1.01, 95%CI = 1.00, 1.02, p < .05; OR = 1.30, 95%CI = 1.16, 1.47, p < .05; and OR = 0.95, 95%CI = 0.92, 0.98, p < .05). The incidence and prevalence of DR were the important health index reflecting a serious complication among uncontrolled T2DM patients. Success in controlling blood sugar level and gaining health literacy helped patients reduce the risk for DR. Nurse practitioners could take the messages from this study to create proactive interventions/services for promoting healthy behaviour and health literacy to prevent or delay the occurrence of DR among T2DM patients.

Article Details

How to Cite
1.
Noypa S, Krainuwat K, Koshakri R. Incidence, prevalence, and factors predicting diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in public health centers, Bangkok metropolitan administration. J Public Hlth Dev [Internet]. 2021 Jan. 4 [cited 2024 Oct. 8];19(1):31-42. Available from: https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/AIHD-MU/article/view/242449
Section
Original Articles
Author Biographies

Sukanya Noypa, Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Kerada Krainuwat, Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

Rukchanok Koshakri, Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

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