Determinants of condom use at last sex among adult HIV patients on antiretroviral treatment in Mandalay City, Myanmar

Abstract

This hospital based cross-sectional study aimed at determining the prevalence of condom use at last sex within 12 months, and associated factors among HIV patients on antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Mandalay city, Myanmar. The two-stage cluster sampling was used to draw a sample. The data collection was conducted in April 2018. A total of 442 HIV positive patients aged 18 years and older on ART who followed up at the Integrated HIV Care (IHC) clinics in Mandalay City were face to face interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used to examine associations between independent variables and condom use at last sex.

This study revealed 79.6% of HIV positive patients used condom at last sex. Overall, 56.3% were male. Mean age was 39.58 years with standard deviation of 7.99. Nearly 32.6% were having own business and 33.3% graduated higher more than high school level. Only 13.1% were currently living as a single. In Chi-square test, gender, employment status, marital status, self-efficacy to use condom, disclosure of HIV status, fertility desire in the last 12 months and HIV status of regular partner were significantly associated with last sex condom use. In multiple logistic regression, male HIV patients (Adj OR=1.88, 95% CI=1.09-3.23), being married/cohabiting (Adj OR=5.10, 95% CI=2.00-12.98), having high self-efficacy to use condom (Adj OR=3.32, 95% CI=1.81-6.10) and no fertility desire (Adj OR=4.23, 95% CI=2.19- 8.16) were more likely to use condom at last sex when controlling for gender, education levels and HIV knowledge levels about transmission and prevention.

Couple counseling about conception and specific activities for increasing self-efficacy to use condom for HIV positive patients should be promoted to improve effectiveness of HIV prevention program.