Developer of surveillace Development of a Surveillance Model for Drug Distribution in Grocery Stores according to RDU Grocery Store Standards under the Rational Drug Use Community Policy in Na Kae Subdistrict, Na Kae District, Nakhon Phanom Province

Abstract

Objectives: To develop and evaluate a surveillance model for medicine distribution in grocery stores according to RDU standards using the “NAKAE GROCERY MODEL” in Na Kae Subdistrict, Na Kae District, Nakhon Phanom Province.

Methods: This action research and development (R&D) involved 35 grocery store operators. The intervention followed the PAOR cycle through the NAKAE mechanism: 1) N-Network (establishing alliances and MOUs), 2) A-Ability (enhancing practical skills), 3) K-Knowledge (providing essential pharmaceutical knowledge), 4) A-Action (proactive monitoring by pharmacists and village health volunteers), and 5) E-Evaluation (assessing RDU-star standards). Data were collected twice between August 2025 and January 2026 and analyzed using Paired t-tests.

Results: After implementation, the average health literacy score significantly increased from 74.36 to 104.20 (out of 115), and the pharmaceutical knowledge score rose from 6.40 to 13.86 (out of 16) (p < 0.001). Regarding medicine distribution behavior, stores achieving G-RDU standards increased from 14.28% to 100.0%. Conversely, the distribution of dangerous drugs, medicine sets (Ya-Chud), and antibiotics decreased from 100.0% to 14.28%. Furthermore, 100.0% of operators shifted their drug procurement source to licensed pharmacies.

Conclusion: The NAKAE MODEL effectively enhances health literacy and elevates drug safety standards in grocery stores. It serves as a sustainable consumer protection model that can be scaled up at the provincial level.