Factors affecting to treatment outcome of trauma triage level 1 cases in Mahasarakham hospital

Abstract

Background: Trauma is a common cause of emergency room visits, and the mortality rate depends on multiple factors. The factors affecting the mortality rate have been studied, but their findings have been inconsistent. Understanding the factors that influence the mortality rate can improve the trauma system and reduce trauma deaths.

Method: The study enrolled trauma triage level 1 patients who visited the hospital from July 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022. The outcomes were the factors affecting death and the mortality rate.

Results: The study included 188 critically injured trauma triage level 1 patients, with an average age of 43.2 ± 19.9 years; 80.3% were male. The overall mortality rate was 33.3%, and the death rate within 24 hours was 22.3%. Age, shock, pulse rate, Glasgow coma score, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS), Probability of Survival (PS), need for intubation, Intercostal Chest Tube (ICD), blood test results for hypocalcemia, coagulopathy, bicarbonate level, and blood sugar were significant risk factors affecting death (p-value<0.05).

Conclusion: The factors affecting death need to be addressed promptly through appropriate resuscitation measures. Developing trauma systems, implementing trauma fast-track programs, and creating clinical practice guidelines could help reduce the mortality rate in the future.