Effects of The Japanese Self-Reliance Movement Program for The Elderly, 8th Health Area

Abstract

Objective: this study aims to effects of the Japanese Self-Reliance Movement Program for the elderly in 8^th Health Area.

Materials & methods: quasi–experimental study, Between October 2020 - September 2021, In the provinces, 8^th Health Area (Nong Khai, Nong Bua Lamphu, Nakhon Phanom, Bueng Kan, Loei, Sakon Nakhon, Udon Thani).

Population & samples: sample group consisted of 2,265 people, aged 60 years and over, who passed the Barthel activities of daily living index (ADL) scores, between 12-20 points. They will undergo Japanese exercise training: Self-Sustained Movement program (SSM training) 3 months. Research tools: SSM program, questionnaire and record form. Using statistics including: percentages, means, standard deviation, T-Test, one way ANOVA and multiple regression.

Results: the practice process for following the SSM program was the practice of basic postures and muscle training, in regards to hand movements, general movement, erection and walking, for 30 -60 minutes at a time, 6 times in 12 weeks. After found that most of the operations, normal health status increased from 75.4% to 83.4, and one disease/symptom decreased from 15.7% to 9.2%. The ADL score was better than before (mean=19.78, SD=0.74). Blood pressure dropped from 138.49 to 122.95 mmHg, BMI decreased from 25.28 to 24.47, muscle mass increased from 34.79 to 37.20, compression increased from 23.69 to 24.01, fat mass decreased from 32.36 to 31.76. The proficiency scores assessed via overall animal velocity characteristics were significantly higher than before (before M=9.98, SD=3.18, after M=11.20, SD=3.32) with significance (p<0.001). Total physical fitness was 67.2% better than before, most in mobility (from 2.01 to 2.52), walking (from 2.34 to 2.78), and hand use (from 2.25 to 2.45), respectively. Compared with the animal species, it was found that the largest increases were dogs (from 19.9 to 31.5), rabbits (from 15.8 to 27.4) and horses (from 10.1 to 31.5), respectively. The regression coefficient of factors influencing ADL was statistically significant at the 0.05 level for 9 of 11 factors, combined to predict health risk by 10% (Constan B=20.140, adj.R²=0.010, p. <0.001). The highest was a 4-dimensional ADL total score, posture change and hand compression force (Dynamometer). Conclusion: The results of the study revealed that the factors influencing the ability to perform daily activities the most was the total score on the ability to move in all four dimensions. There should be practice in the SSM program and expand the training to the elderly in the area further.