Factors associated with mortality of hospitalized pneumonia in Nakhon Phanom hospital.

Abstract

Objective : Pneumonia is an important health problem and cause of death in the world include Nakhon Phanom hospital. This study to evaluate the factors associated mortality of hospitalized pneumonia, mortality rate, patient baseline characteristic, sing and symptom, laboratory, complication, cause of death, sputum culture and hemoculture.

Material and method : This study was etiognostic retrospective case control study in hospitalized pneumonia patients at Nakhon Phanom hospital. Electronic inpatient medical records of pneumonia between 01 January 2019 and 31 December 2019 were reviewed.

Result : One thousand and six patient were include. The mean age was 63.8 years, 65.61% were male. Mostly 59.44% had refer form community hospital, 87.67% were community acquired pneumonia, 66.70% were severe pneumonia, 94.53% were hospitalized in general medical ward. The mortality rate was 35.29%. The cause of death were shock (55.77%), hypoxia (34.08%) and sudden cardiac arrest (10.14%). Statistically significant factors associated with mortality rate were patient who had referred form community hospital, ECOG > 2, white blood cell < 4,000 cell/mm³, serum lactate ≥ 4 mmol/l, severe pneumonia, ventilator used, inotropic drug used, intensive care unit admission, patient who had complication such as acute respiratory failure, septic shock, acute renal failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Conclusion : Pneumonia is an important cause of death in Nakhon Phanom hospital. This factors associated mortality of hospitalized pneumonia were patient who had referred form community hospital, ECOG > 2, white blood cell < 4,000 cell/mm³, serum lactate ≥ 4 mmol/l, severe pneumonia, ventilator used, inotropic drug used, intensive care unit admission, patient who had complication such as acute respiratory failure, septic shock, acute renal failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The data may be helpful initial evaluation and proper management to reduced severity, prevented complication and reduced mortality.