Incidence and risk factor of Retinopathy of prematurity in Mukdahan hospital

Abstract

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity is a common and severe complication of preterm infants. It can lead to blindness unless early recognized and early treatment. There were no studies about Retinopathy of prematurity in Mukdahan Province. The objective was to determine the incidence and risk factor of Retinopathy of prematurity in Mukdahan hospital.

Methods: From the 1st October 2020 to 30th September 2021, A total number of 153 preterm infants in Mukdahan hospital were included in the study. The medical records of preterm infants was reviewed retrospectively. All demographic and clinical data were analyzed.

Results: 54.9% of maternal gestational age was morethan 36 week, 66.7% of Mean body weight was grater than or equal to 2500 gram. 53.6% was man. 87.6% was treatment with oxygen therapy. 60.1% the oxygen type was oxygen box or oxygen canula.

A total 153 infants,seven infants (4.6%) developed ROP. Morethan half of preterm infant developed ROP stage 3 (4case=57%), two (28%) cases stage 2, one(14%) case Stage 1. None of the studied preterm infants presented with ROP stage 4 or 5. Morethan half of preterm infants developed ROP zone 3 (4case=57%). The study show that there was a significant relationship between the occurance of ROP and gestational age (P<0.001), birth weight (P<0.001), oxygen box or canular and mixed type of oxygen (P<0.001).

Conclusion: The prevalence of ROP was 4.6%; low gestational age, low birth weight and oxygen box or oxygen canular and mixed type of oxygen therapy were significant risk factor of ROP in Mukdahan hospital.