The effectiveness of diabetes academic program for new diabetic mellitus type 2 patients in Nakhonphanom hospital

Abstract

Objective : Diabetes is chronic disease which increasing in incidence and prevalence. The severity of disease depend on blood sugar level. Long-term high blood sugar level results complications. Factors influencing blood sugar level are knowledge, eating behavior, exercise and medication taking regularly. The diabetes patients with good knowledge and appropriate behavior result good blood sugar level. The objective of this program is to improve diabetes patients knowledge in all magnitude with high efficacy. Material and methods : This study was prospective study. The data were collected from 60 new diabetes patients who were first diagnosed and treated at diabetes clinic, Nakhonphanom hospital since 1st November, 2017 to 31st March, 2018. Those were divided to 2 groups, each group included 30 patients. The first group was diabetes patients who were instructed as original method. The second group was instructed as diabetes academic program by multidisciplinary team about general diabetes knowledge, appropriate diet, exercise and medication use. The questionnaires were used to evaluate diabetes knowledge level and accurate practice behavior score and blood sugar was also investigated. All data of both groups were compared, before and after all patients finished program. This study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee for Research in Human Subject, Nakhonphanom hospital. Stata program was used to analyze all data. Results : There were 60 new diabetes patients in this study, divided to 2 groups. The first group was 30 diabetes patients who were instructed as original method and the second group was 30 diabetes patients who were instructed as diabetes academic program. The results shown sex, age, education, blood sugar level, knowledge and health behavior of both groups before this study were not different. After diabetes academic program finished, the patients who were instructed as original method had diabetes knowledge and health behavior less than the patients who were instructed in diabetes academic program, which diabetes knowledge score was 56.6% and health behavior score was 55.2% in the first group and diabetes knowledge score was 72.9% and health behavior score was 73.2% in the second group. The patients who were in diabetes academic program used diabetes medications to control normal blood sugar level less than another group, significantly, those were 1.7 tablets and 2.2 tablets. (P value < 0.01). The blood sugar level of both groups were not different after study. (HbA1c = 6.90 and 6.97) Conclusion : Participation in diabetes academic program, Nakhonphanom hospital, improves diabetes knowledge and health behavior and reduce diabetes medication use than original method. The blood sugar level of both groups were not different after study.